Intergroup attitudes were assessed in 7 and 10 years old European American and African American children from ethnically heterogeneous schools and in 7 and 10 years old European American children from ethnically homogeneous schools in order to test hypotheses about racial biases and judgments regarding cross-race peer interactions (N1⁄4 302). Using an Ambiguous Situations Task, the findings rev...

Social psychological research is increasingly coming to grips with the complexity of social identity within the individual, both from the perspective of perceivers trying to form impressions and make judgments about multiply categorizable targets, as well as from the perspective of actors using their different self-aspects as a framework for guiding their interactions with the social world. I r...

A study of Apparent Motion (AM) of Gamma type is presented which extends previous findings (Geissler, Schebera & Kompass 1999) showing that a temporal parameter (ISI), critical for the perceptual transition AM -> flicker, exhibits discrete timing. The major empirical results, a set of four significant ISI modal values, having integer size ratios 3 : 4 : 6 : 8, and a regularity in the spacing of...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Treatment Group (CBT) on self-concept among adolescents with low self-concept through a combinatory approach of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Multidimensional Self-concept Model (MSCM). The measurement of the effectiveness of CBT intervention was conducted to measure the increase of self-concept and ...

Previous research suggests that religious orientation relates to people's choice of activities and behaviors. Religious orientation has not been examined in relation to sport and competitive orientation. This study examined the relationship of religious orientation, along with athletic experience, college and gender, to competitive orientation in sport. Surveys were completed by male and female...

The heuristic-systematic model proposes two distinct modes of thinking about information. Systematic processing involves attempts to thoroughly understand any available information through careful attention, deep thinking, and intensive reasoning, whereas heuristic processing involves focusing on salient and easily comprehended cues that activate well-learned judgmental shortcuts. Heuristic pro...

Humans live out their lives knowing that their own death is inevitable; that their most cherished beliefs and values, and even their own identities, are uncertain; that they face a bewildering array of choices; and that their private subjective experiences can never be shared with another human being. This knowledge creates five major existential concerns: death, isolation, identity, freedom, a...

Implicit prejudices are social preferences that exist outside of conscious awareness or control. In this review, we summarize evidence for three mechanisms that influence the expression of implicit prejudice: associative change, contextual change, and change in control over implicit prejudice. We then review the evidence (or lack thereof) for answers to five open issues in implicit prejudice re...

Most of the research on prejudice has focused on majority discrimination of minority group members, but few have investigated minority to minority prejudice. This experiment studied minority group member discrimination against members of other minority groups when asked to perform activities with a group composed of either all racial majority (White) individuals, all racial minority individuals...

People hold beliefs that vary not only in their perceived truth, but also in their value to the believer— their meaning, relevance, and importance. We argue that a belief’s value is determined, at least in part, by its explanatory power. Highly valuable beliefs are those that can uniquely explain and organize a diverse set of observations. Less valuable beliefs, in contrast, are those that can ...