Increased plasma branched-chain amino acid concentrations are associated with insulin resistance, and intravenous amino acid infusion blunts insulin-mediated glucose disposal. We tested the hypothesis that protein ingestion impairs insulin-mediated glucose disposal by leucine-mediated mTOR signaling, which can inhibit AKT. We measured glucose disposal and muscle p-mTOR(Ser2448), p-AKT(Ser473), ...

Carbohydrate availability in the form of muscle and liver glycogen is an important determinant of performance during prolonged bouts of moderate- to high-intensity exercise. Therefore, when effective endurance performance is an objective on multiple occasions within a 24-h period, the restoration of endogenous glycogen stores is the principal factor determining recovery. This review considers t...

Microplastics (MPs) have become ubiquitous in the marine environment, and are likely ingested by a broad cross-section of life. The extent to which organisms ingest MPs is uncertain due limitations analytical methods. Effective identification analysis precursor understand their impact on human consumers. This particularly challenging for crustaceans, chitin present exoskeleton digestive systems...

Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous and pervasive contaminants whose impacts on human health unclear but gaining interest in the scientific literature. Human exposure to MPs may arise through inhalation ingestion, with research into latter route focusing foodstuffs beverages contaminated from environment or during processing preparation. What has not been considered thus far, however, is MP geop...

Animals eat rather than react to moderate pain. Here, we examined the behavioral, hedonic, and neural requirements for ingestion analgesia in ad libitum fed rats. Noxious heat-evoked withdrawals were similarly suppressed during self-initiated chocolate eating and ingestion of intraorally infused water, sucrose, or saccharin, demonstrating that ingestion analgesia does not require feeding motiva...

Coffee consumption reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes in humans, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of coffee on pancreatic β-cells in the induction of diabetes by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment in mice. We examined the effect of coffee, caffeine, or decaffeinated coffee ingestion on STZ-induced hyperglycemia. After STZ injection in Exp. 1 and 2, serum...