We identified a carbohydrate metabolic operon (frz) that is highly associated with extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains. The frz operon codes for three subunits of a phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) transporter of the fructose subfamily, for a transcriptional activator of PTSs of the MgA family, for two type II ketose-1,6-bisphosphate aldol...

Glucose degradation pathways are central for energy and carbon metabolism throughout all domains of life. They provide ATP, NAD(P)H, and biosynthetic precursors for amino acids, nucleotides, and fatty acids. It is general knowledge that cyanobacteria and plants oxidize carbohydrates via glycolysis [the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway] and the oxidative pentose phosphate (OPP) pathway. Howe...

In order to determine factors that facilitate the use of primary amines in biological chemistry, solvent effects on enamine formation with glycine were studied. Solvent effects were rapidly analyzed by monitoring the increase in fluorescence resulting from the reaction between a fluorogenic maleimide and in situ-generated enamine of acetone. These studies suggest that in addition to a simple hy...

Metabolic pathways by which ribose may be formed have been studied in this laboratory (1, 2). There is now ample proof of the existence in many organisms of enzyme systems able to form ribose-5-phosphate from glucose-6-phosphate with intermediate stages of 6-phosphogluconate and ribulose-5-phosphate. Recent studies on the metabolism of ribulose-5phosphate have shown that it may be split by a tr...

1. Yao DC, Tolan DR, Murray MF, et al. Hemolytic anemia and severe rhabdomyolysis caused by compound heterozygous mutations of the gene for the erythrocyte/muscle isozyme of aldolase, ALDOA (Arg303X/Cys338Tyr). Blood. 2004;103:2401-2403. 2. Kishi H, Mukai T, Hirono A, et al. Human aldolase A deficiency associated with a hemolytic anemia: thermolabile aldolase due to a single base mutation. Proc...

Class I and class II fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases (FBPA), glycolytic pathway enzymes, exhibit no amino acid sequence homology and utilize two different catalytic mechanisms. The mammalian class I FBPA employs a Schiff base mechanism, whereas the human parasitic protozoan Giardia lamblia class II FBPA is a zinc-dependent enzyme. In this study, we have explored the potential exploitation o...