The electrostatic charge carried by aerosol particles greatly enhances their deposition in the airways. Electrifications normally occur in aerosol generating process. It has been long suspected that the unipolar charge carried by the particles may have a significant in the deposition efficiency of the particles in the human respiratory tract during breathing. Deposition of charged particles in ...

A simple device aiming to increase deposition of nebulized methacholine in the lower airway was studied. The device controlled inspiratory flow and volume and dried the aerosol. The effect of drying on deposition in the throat and lower airways was studied in six subjects given an aerosol of 99mTechnetium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) in saline with the device and with a reference devi...

Deposition and clearance of inhaled particles of iron oxide labeled with (198)Au were studied in 19 normal subjects (10 nonsmokers and 9 smokers). For this purpose, monodisperse aerosols of particles with a 2 mu diameter were produced in a spinning disc atomizer. Thoracic counts and images with a scintillation camera were begun immediately after inhalation of the aerosol and continued for 6 hr....

Monodisperse aerosol particles can be used to non-invasively probe intrapulmonary airspace dimensions. In this study, the aerosol-derived airway morphometry technique was used to study airspace dimensions in 79 healthy subjects, in order to assess reference data for the future clinical application of aerosol-derived airway morphometry, and to investigate the effect of lung inflation, anthropome...

BACKGROUND Delivery of powder formulations to the nose is an attractive alternative for many drugs and vaccines. This study compared the regional nasal deposition and clearance patterns of lactose powder delivered by the OptiNose powder device (Opt-Powder; OptiNose US Inc., Yardley, PA, USA) to that of liquid aerosol administered via a traditional hand-actuated liquid spray pump (Rexam SP270, R...

[1] Using timescales for the generation and depletion of water vapor, we predict aerosol sensitivity in clouds formed by homogeneous freezing. Our timescale analysis explains why aerosol sensitivity increases dramatically with ice deposition coefficients (ai) 0.1, and also why aerosol sensitivity increases as vertical velocity increases, temperature decreases, aerosol number decreases, and aero...

Gas/particle (G/P) partitioning is an important process that affects the deposition, chemical reactions, long-range transport, and impact on human and ecosystem health of atmospheric semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs). Gas/ particle partitioning coefficients (Kp) were measured in an outdoor chamber for a group of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes sorbing to three types o...