The homeotic genes of the bithorax complex are required, among other things, for establishing the patterns of sensory organs in the embryonic peripheral nervous system (PNS). However, the molecular mechanisms by which these genes affect pattern formation in the PNS are not understood and other genes that function in this pathway are not characterized. Here we report the phenotypic and molecular...

High temperature operating life (HTOL) testing was performed on embedded planar capacitors (with epoxyBaTiO3 composite dielectric) by subjecting these devices to highly accelerated temperature and voltage aging conditions. The objective of HTOL testing was to precipitate avalanche breakdown failures as a result of defects in the composite dielectric. These defects include porosity, voids, and a...

Relative area of emphysema below -910 Hounsfield units (RA-910) and 15th percentile density (PD15) are quantitative computed tomography (CT) parameters used in the diagnosis of emphysema. New concepts for noninvasive diagnosis of emphysema are aerosol-derived airway morphometry, which measures effective airspace dimensions (EAD) and aerosol bolus dispersion (ABD). Quantitative CT, ABD and EAD w...

The clustered homeotic genes encode transcription factors that regulate pattern formation in all animals, conferring cell fates by coordinating the activities of downstream 'target' genes. In the Drosophila midgut, the Ultrabithorax (Ubx) protein activates and the abdominalA (abd-A) protein represses transcription of the decapentaplegic (dpp) gene, which encodes a secreted signalling protein of...

tometric procedures to within an average of 5% (CS) or 10% (CPT) and with the NADH fluorometric procedure for CS to within an average of 1% (Table 2). Precision, as indicated by the coefficient of variation (CV) for sample replicates, averaged 4.4% for the CS ABD-F assays and 1.7 and 2.3% for NADH fluorometric and spectrophotometric assays, respectively. CVs for CPT are 6% for both procedures a...

Spectrin and protein 4.1R crosslink F-actin, forming the membrane skeleton. Actin and 4.1R bind to one end of β-spectrin. The adjacent end of α-spectrin, called the EF domain, is calmodulin-like, with calcium-dependent and calcium-independent EF hands. The severely anemic sph(1J)/sph(1J) mouse has very fragile red cells and lacks the last 13 amino acids in the EF domain, implying that the domai...

The Drosophila bithorax complex Abdominal-B (Abd-B) gene specifies parasegmental identity at the posterior end of the fly. The specific pattern of Abd-B expression in each parasegment (PS) determines its identity and, in PS10-13, Abd-B expression is controlled by four parasegment-specific cis-regulatory domains, iab-5 to iab-8, respectively. In order to properly determine parasegmental identity...