This paper analyzes volatile substance misuse in Mexico since the 1980s. Data were collected from national household and school surveys, epidemiological surveillance systems, and studies among special populations. Volatile substance misuse begins at 12-14 years. Prevalence is approximately 1% in the general population, 7% among high school students, and higher for street children. Toluene is th...

This contribution explores the effect of several solvent properties, such as volatility, polarity, and Lewis basicity on the formation of molecular self-assembled nanostructures in the solid state, obtained either by casting of related solutions or by complete solvent evaporation, using seven solvents representative of common classes of coordinating organic solvents, of an amphiphilic Zn(II) Sc...

The total volatile components were extracted from safflower by ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction (USE) and their chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to provide scientific basis for the quality control of safflower. Five different solvents (diethyl ether, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and acetone) were used and compared in terms of n...

Supercritical fluid extraction of the volatile oil of the aerial part of the winter savory was carried out in different conditions of pressure, temperature, mean particle size and CO2 flow rate and the results were compared with those obtaining by hydrodistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus. The non-volatile components were extracted by SFE at higher pressures and by soxhlet extraction wi...

The work presented in this thesis concerns the development and evaluation of new methods for sampling and analysis of organic pollutants in the indoor and outdoor environment. In Paper I, the development of a new method was reported for the determination of the brominated fl ame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in air using sampling with glass fi ber fi lter and polyurethane foam (PUF), ...

In this paper we present a sensing method using nano-porous silicon microcavity sensor, which was developed in order to obtain simultaneous determination of two volatile substances with different solvent concentrations as well as very low pesticide concentration in water. The temperature of the solution and the velocity of the air stream flowing through the solution have been used to control th...

The selective oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen was efficiently completed in high conversion and selectivity using copper-bisisoquinoline-based catalysts under mild reaction condition. The effects of various parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, oxidant, ligands, etc, were studied. Solvent effect has been as well studied in ionic liquids [bmim]PF6, [omim]BF4 and [hmi...

Approximately 100 billion aluminum cans are produced annually, mainly for the beverage industry. Early technologies for decorating the cans often used solvent-based coatings containing solvents at concentrations of -70% to 75% by volume (Randall 1992). The solvent composition was typically a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatics, ethers, cellosolves, and acetates. Unfortunately, this met...