introduction: long term complications of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection include fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma and although the disease is treatable with the newly introduced direct acting antivirals, but factors such as drug resistance, viral genotype and adverse effects can limit the effectiveness of therapy. therefore, development of effective, safe and affordable proph...

dna vaccination has been developed as a noteworthy immunotherapeutic approach for the battle against many serious challenges to human and animal safety, including infectious illnesses, autoimmunity, allergy and cancer. clinical trials prepare chances to examine whether dna vaccines can fulfill their final aim of demonstrating efficiency in treating humans. today, anticancer dna vaccines are qui...

introduction: glycoprotein b (gb) is the major antigen for induction of humoral responses against human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) making it an attractive candidate for immune prophylaxis. in the present study, the humoral immune response of balb/c mice to a truncated hcmv gb protein fused with gfp was evaluated. methods: the truncated gb coding sequence was synthesized and cloned in pegfpn1 eukary...

cd8+ t cells are thought to play an important role in protective immunity to tuberculosis. the major histocompatibility complex class i subtype hla-a*0201 is one of the most prevalent class i alleles, with a frequency of over 30% in most populations. hla-a*0201 transgenic, h-2db/mouse beta2-microglobulin double-knockout mice (hhd) which express human hla-a*0201 but no mouse class i, was shown t...

background: dna immunization with plasmid dna encoding bacterial, viral, parasitic and tumor antigens has been reported to trigger protective immunity. objective: to evaluate the use of a dna immunization strategy for protection against anthrax, a plasmid was constructed. methods: the partialsequence of protective antigen of bacillus anthracis, amino acids 175-764, as a potent immunogenic targe...

Background: There is a growing interest in development of an effective adjuvant system for improving DNA vaccines. Recent findings have confirmed an important role for autophagy in both innate and adaptive immunity. The current study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of autophagy induction with Beclin-1, as a novel adjuvant system, in mice immunized with human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA v...

background: hepatitis c (hcv) is a worldwide problem without an effective vaccine with more than 170 million chronically infected people worldwide. dna vaccines expressing antigenic portions of the virus with adjutants have recently been developed as a novel vaccination technology. objectives: in the present study, a dna vaccine expressing hcv core protein was developed with il12 as a genetic a...

objective: toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis in human and animal. in recent years, significant progress has been made in the identification of vaccine candidates which can induce protective responses. in this study we used complete rhoptry protein 2 gene of toxoplasma gondii as a single dna vaccine and evaluated its immune responses in comparison...

background: mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (tb). bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccine, is not effective in adults, therefore, many efforts have been made to produce an effective adult tb vaccine. the aim of this study was to develop a new tuberculosis dna vaccine candidate encoding a recombinant hspx-ppe44-esxv fusion antigen of m. tuberculosis. methods: a fu...

Background & Objective: DNA vaccines as a new generation of vaccines require adjuvant to improve vaccine immunogenicity; adjuvants can also increase the DNA vaccine efficacy. In this study, the effects of the host’s interferon-inducible Mx protein as bio adjuvant and conventional alum adjuvant were evaluated.   Materials & Methods: The BALB/c mice were immunized by different prime-boost strate...