To examine the effects of using synthetic Fischer-Tropsch (FT) diesel fuel in a modern compression ignition engine, experiments were conducted on a MY 2002 Cummins 5.9 L diesel engine outfitted with high pressure, common rail fuel injection, a variable geometry turbo charger, cooled EGR and a fully configurable engine management computer. Additionally, the effect of varied injection timing and ...

The sonochemical synthesis of nanostructured materials owes its origins to the extreme conditions created during acoustic cavitation, i.e., the formation of localized hot spots in the core of collapsing bubbles in a liquid irradiated with high intensity ultrasound (US). In particular, in the present work a sonochemical synthesis has been investigated for the production of three different iron-b...

Abstract 5 The techno-economic potential of the UK poplar wood and imported oil palm empty fruit 6 bunch derived bio-oil integrated gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (BOIG-FT) systems for the 7 generation of transportation fuels and combined heat and power (CHP) was investigated. The 8 bio-oil was represented in terms of main chemical constituents, i.e. acetic acid, acetol and 9 guaiacol. The co...

Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is one of the most complex catalyzed chemical reactions in which the chain-growth mechanism that leads to formation of long-chain hydrocarbons is not well understood yet. The present work provides deeper insight into the relation between the kinetics of the FT reaction on a silica-supported cobalt catalyst and the composition of the surface adsorbed layer. Cofeedi...

The highly selective production of light olefins from CO2 was demonstrated for the first time with a laboratory-scale process comprising consecutive reverse water gas shift (RWGS) and Fischer–Tropsch (FT) reactors. RWGS reaction, catalyzed by rhodium washcoated catalyst at 850 °C yielded good quality syngas conversion values close to thermodynamic equilibrium without experiencing deactivation c...

In this paper we present the conceptual design for the optimization of FT-diesel production process from switchgrass via gasification of biomass. We propose a limited superstructure where the process starts with the gasification of the biomass. Two different alternatives are evaluated, direct and indirect gasification. The gas obtained is cleaned up and its composition adjusted in terms of the ...

In industrial scale of Gas to Liquid (GTL) process in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, a part of reactor outlet gases such as CO2 and CH4 as side reaction products, is usually recycled. In this study, the influence of CO2 and CH4 on the performance and selectivity of Co-Ru/Al2O3 catalyst is investigated by injection of these gases (0-20 vol. % of feed) to the feed stream. The effect of temperatu...

Liquid transportation fuels derived from coal and natural gas could helpthe United States reduce its dependence on petroleum. The fuels could be produced domestically or imported from fossil fuel-rich countries. The goal of this paper is to determine the life-cycle GHG emissions of coal- and natural gas-based Fischer-Tropsch (FT) liquids, as well as to compare production costs. The results show...

Industrial bubble column reactor for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis includes complex hydrodynamic, chemical and thermal interaction of three material phases: population of bubbles of different sizes, liquid and catalyst particles suspended in liquid. To simulate FT bubble column, a Computational Fluid Dynamics model is described here. The model is based on Eulerian multifluid formulation and ac...

The structural properties and activities of Cu-Co catalysts used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are explored according to their method of preparation. Impregnation, co-precipitation, and a novel method of thermal decomposition were applied to an inorganic precursor complex to generate the Cu-promoted alumina- and silica-supported cobalt catalysts. The precursors and the catalysts obtained by ...