There are many conditions where it is useful for anesthetists to have a knowledge of blood rheology.Blood rheology plays an important role in numerous clinical situations.Hemorheologic changes may significantly affect the induction and recovery times with anesthetic agents.But also, hemorheologic factors are directly or indirectly affected by many anesthetic agents or their metabolites.In this ...

Pharmacology and toxicology share a common interest in pharmacokinetic data, especially as it is available in pediatric populations. These data have been critical to the clinical pharmacologist for many years in designing age-specific dosing regimens. Now they are being used increasingly by toxicologists to understand the ontogeny of physiologic parameters that may affect the metabolism and cle...

We simulate the formation of experimentally observed trapezoidal hillocks on etched Si(110) surfaces, describing their generic geometrical shape and analyzing the relative stability and/or reactivity of the key surface sites. In our model, the hillocks are stabilized by Cu impurities in the etchant adsorbing on the surface and acting as pinning agents. A model of random adsorptions will not res...

become useful as a provocative and predictive test for early renal abnormalities. In summary, our data indicate that exercise microalbuminuria is not detected in most kidney donors and support the notion that the uninephrectomized state does not result in a progressive hyperfiltration nephropathy. In addition, longitudinal studies could reveal whether. a particular subset of donors with abnorma...

Immunotoxicity encompasses both reduced and heightened immune function. Diverse chemicals can impair functioning of the immune system. Both monographs and books have been devoted to detailed descriptions of immunotoxicity. This paper gives a brief overview of the methods currently used to assess the immunotoxic potential of chemicals. It also discusses the trend toward the use of alternative me...

The goals of the National Toxicology Program as they relate to immunological evaluation in toxicity assessment are discussed. The advantages of immune function assays for defining cellular injury as subtoxic levels following exposure to general or immunocyte specific chemical toxicants are proposed. A comprehensive screening panel of immune function and host resistance assays is presented in th...

BACKGROUND Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides is an occupational hazard for farmworkers and affects their children through the take-home pathway. OBJECTIVES We examined the effectiveness of a randomized community intervention to reduce pesticide exposure among farmworkers and their children. METHODS We conducted a baseline survey of a cross-sectional sample of farmworkers (year 1) ...