Thermal radiation significantly impacts the energy balance of human beings, and is usually assessed via mean radiant temperature Tmrt. The longwave down-welling radiation (LDR) and the up-welling from ground (LUR) are rarely measured, but are in the same order of magnitude as daily means of shortwave irradiation. This study evaluates simple, but theoretically based algorithms for LDR and LUR by...

This study analyzed how the variations of plant area index (PAI) and weather conditions alter the influence of urban green infrastructure (UGI) on microclimate. To observe how diverse UGIs affect the ambient microclimate through the seasons, microclimatic data were measured during the growing season at five sites in a local urban area in The Netherlands. Site A was located in an open space; sit...

The microclimate model ENVI-met (V4) was used for predicting the effects of different systems of planted pergolas on the microclimate of an atrium. The model was firstly validated using experimental data and then used for different cases studies. The microclimate measurements were carried in a real construction project of a hydroponic pergola at Kostakii Campus of the Technological Education In...

The effects of grass maturity on the mean retention time of liquid and particles, digestibility and duodenal nutrient flows were measured by feeding second cuts of perennial ryegrass to 3 fistulated lactating dairy cows over 2 successive periods (late June and mid-July, 28 and 49 d regrowth, respectively). Fresh forage was given ad libitum with 12% (dry matter (DM) basis) concentrate. The incre...

A total of four diets with different carbohydrate composition were investigated in a 4×4 Latin square design experiment with four Norwegian Coldblooded trotter horses. The objective of the present study was to increase the fermentable fibre content and reduce the starch intake of the total ration obtained by partly substituting mature hay and barley with sugar beet pulp (SBP), a soluble fibre s...

We carried out a cyanopolyyne line survey towards large sample of HMSFRs using the Shanghai Tian Ma 65m Radio Telescope (TMRT). Our consisted 123 targets taken from TMRT C band survey. It included three kinds sources, namely those with detection 6.7 GHz CH3OH maser alone, radio recombination (RRL) and both (hereafter referred to as Maser-only, RRL-only, Maser-RRL respectively). detected HC3N in...

Research during the past two decades has demonstrated an important role of the vestibular system in topographical orientation and memory and the network of neural structures associated with them. Almost all of the supporting data have come from animal or human clinical studies, however. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the link between vestibular function and topographical me...

Outdoor thermal comfort is an important indicator to create a quality and livable environment. This study examines relationship between micro-meteorological personal variables of outdoor conditions in urban park. The data collection carried out using two methods combination: measurement questionnaire survey. finding shows that most the respondents were comfortable with thermal, wind, humidity c...