This paper focuses on a hydraulic radius separation approach used to calculate the boundary shear stress in terms of bed and wall shear stress proposed in a trapezoidal channel. The average bed and sidewall shear stress in smooth trapezoidal open channels are derived after using Guo & Julien (2005) early equations taking a part of an investigation to cover both rectangular and trapezoidal chann...

There are many accidents in road traffic involving both heavy goods vehicles and passenger vehicles, the interpretation of causes some can be very difficult. The paper presents results an analysis accident a truck two cars. hypothesis was verified that incident took place after damage to front wheel truck, which resulted uncontrolled change direction its travel leaving lane opposite damaged tir...

The sidewall defects in selective epitaxial growth ~SEG! of silicon were characterized and the nature of these defects was investigated. Electrical characterization of the sidewall defects was performed using diodes fabricated in structures using the SEG of silicon and chemical-mechanical polishing. Diodes were fabricated with various perimeter to area ratios to extract the bulk and sidewall sa...

A nonlinear model consisting “yaw, roll, longitudinal, lateral and pitch” has been developed in which, tire and suspension characteristics have been considered. Tire model is based on the elliptic concept and tire Calspan data. According to this tire model, cornering force and aligning moment are computed as a function of slip and camber (inclination) angles, normal load, tire adhesion characte...

Tire cavity noise refers to the vehicle noise due to the excitation of the acoustic mode of a tire air cavity. Although two lowest acoustic modes are found to be sufficient to characterize the cavity dynamics, the dynamical response of these two modes is complicated by two major factors. First, the tire cavity geometry is affected by the static load applied to the tire due to vehicle weight. Se...

i’ire behaviour plays a very important role in vehicle dynamic studies. Because of the complexity of tire structure, some tire models use so many assumptions they cannot represent tire behaviour well, while others are so complicated they are di@icult to use in engineering applications. This study presents an analytical tire side slip modeI with flexible tire carcass which is very helpful for un...

Sidewall roughness measurement is becoming increasingly important in the micro-electromechanical systems and nanoelectronics devices. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an emerging technique for sidewall scanning and roughness measurement due to its high resolution, three-dimensional imaging capability and high accuracy. We report an AFM sidewall imaging method with a quartz tuning fork (QTF) for...

Nacrtak The motion resistance ratio, gross traction ratio and net traction ratio of a wheel cable skidder were determined and mathematical models derived for three tire inflation pressure values with or without tire chains on forest road in mountainous conditions. The motion resistance ratio increases with the increase of tire inflation pressure. On the contrary, the gross traction ratio increa...

Microfluidic channels enable the control of cell positioning and the capturing of cells for high-throughput screening and other cellular applications. In this paper, a simple microfluidic platform is proposed for capturing small volumes of cells using sidewall microgrooves. The cell docking patterns in the channels containing sidewall microgroove are also studied. Both numerical and experi‐ men...

The sidewall defects in high quality selective epitaxial growth ~SEG! of silicon were characterized. Three different SEG diode structures were fabricated and the bulk and perimeter defects were characterized through electrical measurements and transmission electron microscopy ~TEM!. The structures investigated were SEG grown in a 1.2 mm thick wet-etched field oxide, SEG grown in 1.2 mm thick re...