We develop the concept of an involution monoid, and use it to show that finite-dimensional C*-algebras are the same as special unitary †-Frobenius monoids in the category of finite-dimensional complex Hilbert spaces. This gives a new, geometrical definition of finite-dimensional C*-algebras, contrasting with the conventional algebraic one.

The aim of this paper is to fully analyze the effects of free space optical (FSO) communication links on the estimation performance of the adaptive incremental networks. The FSO links in this paper are described with two turbulence models namely the Log-normal and Gamma-Gamma distributions. In order to investigate the impact of these models we produced the link coefficients using these distribu...

A score function induced by a generative model of the data can provide a feature vector of a fixed dimension for each data sample. Data samples themselves may be of differing lengths (e.g., speech segments, or other sequence data), but as a score function is based on the properties of the data generation process, it produces a fixed-length vector in a highly informative space, typically referre...

We show that the solution published in the paper by Senovilla [Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 2219 (1990)] is geodesically complete and singularity-free. We also prove that the solution satisfies the stronger energy and causality conditions, such as global hyperbolicity, the strong energy condition, causal symmetry, and causal stability. A detailed discussion about which assumptions in the singularity th...

Free Space Optics (FSO), also known as Optical Wireless or Lasercom (i.e. Laser Communications), is a re-emerging technology using modulated optical beams to establish short, medium or long reach wireless data transmission. Most of the attention on FSO communication systems it was initially boost by military purposes and first development of this technology was dedicated to the solution of issu...

The continuous growth of Internet data traffic is progressively increasing the pressure over wireless access technologies. To overcome imminent bandwidth bottleneck, free-space optics (FSO) currently deemed as a key breakthrough towards next-generation ultra-high-capacity links. As this technology matures, it starting to find its place not only in future mobile networks, but also applications s...