This paper examines principles of health care resource allocation based on axioms for individual preferences and distributive justice. We establish axioms for representing individual preferences by quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), as well as axioms for existence of a social welfare function depending only on QALYs. A symmetric Cobb-Douglas social welfare function is characterized by an axio...

Social trust is the main component of social capital. In this regard, subjective welfare is one of the important aspects of human life. Based on the human needs growth, it must be considered both objective and subjective aspect of welfare. The present study tries to use survey method and collect data by cluster sampling among 381 persons of 20-29 Youth in Tehran as the sample of this research. ...

Departures from self-interest in economic experiments have recently inspired models of “social preferences”. We design a range of simple experimental games that test these theories more directly than existing experiments. Our experiments show that subjects are more concerned with increasing social welfare—sacrificing to increase the payoffs for all recipients, especially low-payoff recipients—t...

The marginal social value of income redistribution is understood to depend on both the concavity of individuals’ utility functions and the concavity of the social welfare function. In the pertinent literatures, notably on optimal income taxation and on normative inequality measurement, it seems to be accepted that the role of these two sources of concavity is symmetric with regard to the social...

This paper explores the general-equilibrium impact of social security portfolio diversiŽ cation into private securities, either through the trust fund or private accounts. The analysis depends critically on heterogeneities in saving, production, assets, and taxes. Limited diversiŽcation weakly increases interest rates, reduces the expected return on short-term investment (and the equity premium...

We consider the social preference ordering in a society where each individual’s preference domain is restricted to a subset of the whole set of alternatives. We show that the social welfare function satisfying unrestricted domain property, independence of irrelevant alternatives and weak Pareto optimality is always dictatorial when at least one individual is entitled to express his/her preferen...

In an important contribution to the problem of aggregating infinite utility streams, Svensson (1980) shows the existence of a social welfare relation—a reflexive, transitive and complete binary relation over all possible infinite utility streams—that accommodates the axioms of Pareto and intergenerational equity. This possibility result is in sharp contrast with the seminal contribution by Diam...

A social welfare function entitled ‘ordinal Nash’ is proposed. It is based on risk preferences and assumes a common, worst social tate (origin) for all individuals. The crucial axiom in the characterization of the function is a weak version of independence of rrelevant alternatives. This axiom considers relative risk positions with respect to the origin. Thus, the resulting social preference ak...

the research discussed in this article consists of the process ended to propos a structure for social welfare and security which took more than 11 months in social security research institute. the main topics discussed are as follows: 1- the importance of social security and its relationship to economic growth, social justice, human generosity and national honor. 2- the basis and opportunities ...