Sheath blight is one of the most important fungal rice diseases worldwide as well in Indonesia, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Yield losses sheath disease tropics reached 6%. This research was conducted survey technique to measure incidence and severity on plants 13 (thirteen) locations representing 12 (twelve) districts Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Variable values were found surveyed locat...

A technique is described for the separation of mesophyll and bundle sheath cells from Digitaria sanguinalis leaves and evidence for separation is given with light and scanning electron micrographs. Gentle grinding of fully differentiated leaves in a mortar releases mesophyll cells which are isolated on nylon nets by filtration. More extensive grinding of the remaining tissue yields bundle sheat...

Leaf sheath hairiness is a morphological trait associated with various advantages, including tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses, thereby increasing yield. Understanding the genetic basis of this trait in barley can therefore improve the agronomic performance of this economically important crop. We scored leaf sheath hairiness in a two-year field trial in 1,420 BC1S3 lines from the wi...

Rhizoctonia sheath diseases of rice, comprising sheath blight, sheath spot and aggregate sheath spot, cause significant yield losses in many rice-growing regions of the world. The emergence of Rhizoctonia sheath diseases as economically important rice diseases is of recent date and has been attributed to the intensification of rice-cropping systems with the development of new short-stature, hig...

A technique is described for the separation of mesophyll and bundle sheath cells from Digitaria sanguinalis leaves and evidence for separation is given with light and scanning electron micrographs. Gentle grinding of fully differentiated leaves in a mortar releases mesophyll cells which are isolated on nylon nets by filtration. More extensive grinding of the remaining tissue yields bundle sheat...

More than a quarter of the primary productivity on land, and a large fraction of the food that humans consume, is contributed by plants that fix atmospheric CO(2) by C(4) photosynthesis. It has been estimated that transferring the C(4) pathway to C(3) crops could boost yield by 50% and also increase water use efficiency and reduce the need for fertilizer, particularly in dry, hot environments. ...

The quantum yield for CO(2) uptake was measured on a number of C(3) and C(4) monocot and dicot species. Under normal atmospheric conditions (330 microliters per liter CO(2), 21% O(2)) and a leaf temperature of 30 degrees C, the average quantum yields (moles CO(2) per einstein) were as follows: 0.052 for C(3) dicots, 0.053 for C(3) grasses, 0.053 for NAD-malic enzyme type C(4) dicots, 0.060 for ...

abstract soil compaction is a main factor that reduces the cane yield in sugarcane fields, in southwest of iran, especially in ratoon cropping system. therefore, sub-soiling practices could alleviate adverse effects of compaction and increased yield. in according to this aim, a study was to evaluate the effect of  ratooning practice systems consisting of control (no subsoiler), two and four sha...