the seasonal abundance patterns of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, in cotton fields at gorgan in northern iran were studied during two growing seasons of 2002 and 2003. the spatial distribution of different developmental stages and morphs of the aphid was described by fitting data to poisson (random) and negative binomial (aggregated) dis-tributions, and calculating the dispersion indi...

the chemical speciation of heavy metals (arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, zinc and tin) in the sediments offormer tin mining catchment bestari jaya, peninsular malaysia was determined by using the latest version of the community bureau of reference, usually called the bcr 3-step sequential extraction procedure. furthermore, a fourth step was introduced for digestion and analysis of the residue....

knowledge of the probable origin and behaviour of arsenic certainly gives valuable insights into the potential for transfer in the environment and of the risks involved in mining sites. sequential extraction analyses are common experiments often used to study the origin and behaviour of potentially toxic elements. the method, however, presents some deficiencies, including labor-intensive proced...

Purpose: To identify a novel biomarker for bladder cancer targeting therapy. ExperimentalDesign: Thehumanbladder cancer cell line T24 cellswere used as immunogen to generate mouse monoclonal antibodies. We screened and identified a specific antibody BCMab1 against bladder cancer. We examined BCMab1 antigen expression in the patients with bladder cancer through immunohistochemical staining and i...

the nutritional requirements of mammalian embryos changes throughout pre-implantation period, coincident with changes in the secretion of the female reproductive tract. therefore, it has been suggested that sequential culture media may support nutritional requirements for optimal growth of the mammalian embryos. in this study, we investigated the effect of two different concentrations (10 or 10...

use of saline water for irrigation has shown considerable promise. however, its effect on the solubility and bioavailability of native soil nutrients is not well understood. this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of salinity on the behavior of zinc(zn) in calcareous soils. the soil samples with different physiochemical properties were collected from four locations in khorasan province...

Bounds on test sequence length can be used as a testability measure. We give a procedure to compute the upper bound on test sequence length for an arbitrary sequential circuit. We prove that the bound is exact for a certain class of circuits. Three design rules are specified to yield circuits with lower test sequence bounds.

An upper bound is given on the cutoff rate of discrete memoryless channels. This upper bound, which coincides with a known lower bound, determines the cutoff rate, and settles a long-standing open problem.