Copper has an important role in the life cycle of many streptomycetes, stimulating the developmental switch between vegetative mycelium and aerial hyphae concomitant with the production of antibiotics. In streptomycetes, a gene encoding for a putative Sco-like protein has been identified and is part of an operon that contains two other genes predicted to handle cellular copper. We report on the...

Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO) is a new crop insurance product available this year when producers do not choose to receive 2014 Farm Bill payments through Agricultural Risk Coverage (ARC). We compare Revenue Protection (RP) farmer-paid premiums to RP+SCO premiums. In northern and central Illinois, RP+SCO premiums often exceed RP premiums at the 80% coverage level. Sometimes, RP+SCO premiums...

Lycium barbarum is used both as a food additive and as a medicinal herb in many countries, and L. barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs), a major cell component, are reported to have a wide range of beneficial effects including neuroprotection, anti-aging and anticancer properties, and immune modulation. The effects of LBPs on neuronal function, neurogenesis, and drug-induced learning and memory defic...

Social cognitive optimization (SCO) is a simple behavioral model based on human social cognition. By formalizing the fundamental social cognitive agent, the single-agent and multiagent models of SCO are studied. After realizing the goodness evaluation, the experiments results of SCO are compared with existing results on five engineering design problems, which show that SCO can get high-quality ...

BACKGROUND Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) is a rare nonfunctioning neoplasm of the adenohypophysis, and was first described in 2002. SCO has been categorized as a separate entity by the 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) and is classified as a Grade 1 tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Review of the literature has shown that 33 cases of SCO have been reported to date, and most of them ...

The subcomissural organ (SCO) is an ancient and conserved brain gland secreting glycoproteins into the cerebrospinal fluid which condense to form Reissner's fiber (RF). The SCO of an elasmobranch species, the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, was investigated applying morphological and biochemical methods. The SCO of 34 dogfishes were processed for the following techniques: (1) conventional transm...

Spin-crossover (SCO) is generally regarded as a spectacular molecular magnetism in 3d4-3d7 metal complexes and holds great promise for various applications such as memory, displays, and sensors. In particular, SCO materials can be multifunctional when a classical light- or temperature-induced SCO occurs along with other cooperative structural and/or electrical transport alterations. However, su...

The central nervous system (CNS) develops from the neural tube, a hollow structure filled with embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (eCSF) and surrounded by neuroepithelial cells. Several lines of evidence suggest that the eCSF contains diffusible factors regulating the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of the neuroepithelium, although these factors are only beginning to be uncovered. One p...

thesis, absorption or flow of the Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) and is a common developmental disability in humans. Although CH has a significant genetic component in mice and humans, it is poorly understood at the molecular level. The Subcommissural Organ (SCO), a gland residing at the dorsal opening of the Sylvian aqueduct, has been implicated in CSF flow maintenance. We have established BAC tr...

The application of pressure on [Co(II)(dpzca)2], which at ambient pressure undergoes abrupt spin crossover (SCO) with thermal hysteresis, gives unique insights into SCO. It reversibly separates the crystallographic phase transition (I41/a↔P21/c) and associated abrupt SCO from the underlying gradual SCO, as shown by detailed room temperature (RT) X-ray crystallography and temperature dependent m...