The HET-CAM (Hen's Egg Test-Chorioallantoic Membrane) assay is an in vitro alternative to the in vivo Draize Rabbit Eye test that mimics vascular changes in the chorioallantoic membrane. This qualitative method assesses the irritancy potential of chemicals. The CAM responds to injury with an inflammatory process similar to that in the rabbit eye's conjunctival tissue. Regarding topical toxicity...

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are extensively used in bacterial keratitis and other intraocular infections. Since eye is constantly exposed to light, incidence of ocular phototoxicity due to commonly used FQs is of great interest for their safe use. Phototoxicity of commonly used FQs (ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin and gatifloxacin), has been evaluated by using HET-CA...

Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens. It has significant economic importance due to mortalities and the decrease in egg production. In this study, twenty nine samples from different layer farms were collected outbreaks that occurred waset province, Iraq, at period November 2021 till March 2022 detect ILTV by molecular test through real...

Abstract This study aimed to prepare a niosomal gel of green tea ( Camellia sinensis ) extract containing catechins, mostly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (ECGC), as potent antioxidant. Niosomes can increase EGCG's stability and penetration into the skin for better therapeutic effect. were prepared by thin-layer hydration method, evaluated their vesicle shape, particle size, polydispersity index, z...

Masks are personal protective equipment essential for COVID-19 prevention, but the use of masks has led to an increase in severity both acne (maskne) and rosacea (mask rosacea). Long-time mask-wearing can acne’s flare by modifying cutaneous facial microenvironment triggering dermatoses. To minimize this, skin needs be protected using antibacterial product. This study aimed develop determine eff...

Corneal cross-linking has been described as an effective treatment to slow the progression of keratoconus. The standard protocol entails corneal epithelial removal allow diffusion riboflavin into stroma. Although, de-epithelization can generate risks or complications that transepithelial tries solve avoid. Different formulations were developed after verifying hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin (HP?CD...

OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus epidermidis is often associated with biofilm infections related to medical implants. The aim of the present study was to find furanones that decrease biofilm formation without irritative or genotoxic effects, or effects on S. epidermidis growth. METHODS After screening including bioluminescence and biofilm assays, 2 furanones out of 11 were chosen for further studies...