We demonstrate, via simulation and experiment, slowing down of a phase-modulated optical signal. A 10.7-Gb/s NRZ-DPSK signal can be delayed by as much as 42 ps while still achieving error free via broadband SBS-based slow light. We further analyze the impact of slow-light-induced data-pattern dependence on both constructive and destructive demodulated ports. By detuning the SBS gain profile, we...

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is the most common cause of non-epidemic, acute focal central nervous system infection. HSV type 1 (HSV-1 or Human Herpes Virus-1 [HHV-1]) is commonly associated with oropharyngeal infections, keratoconjunctivitis, and infections of the central nervous system, whereas HSV type 2 (HSV-2 or HHV-2) commonly produces genital infections. Severe disseminated HSV infection m...

*Lecturer & Head (Biochemistry), Institute of Public Health & Hygiene, RZ-A-44, Mahipalpur, New Delhi-110038, India ** Professor, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India *Email of Corresponding Author: [email protected] Abstract The work presented in this paper essentially focuses at providing a scientific theory to explain the growth of ...

In statistical process control (SPC), the ratio of two normal random variables (RZ) is a valuable indicator to be taken as charting statistic. this work, we propose triple exponentially weighted moving average (TEWMA) chart for monitoring RZ. Additionally, variable sampling interval (VSI) strategy has been adopted different charts by researchers. With application strategy, VSI-TEWMA-RZ then dev...

Effects of elevated root zone (RZ) CO(2) and air temperature on photosynthesis, productivity, nitrate (NO(3)(-)), and total reduced nitrogen (N) content in aeroponically grown lettuce plants were studied. Three weeks after transplanting, four different RZ [CO(2)] concentrations [ambient (360 ppm) and elevated concentrations of 2000, 10,000, and 50,000 ppm] were imposed on plants grown at two ai...

Sub-optimal temperature extensively suppresses crop growth during cool-season greenhouse production. Root-zone (RZ) warming is considered an economical option to alleviate crop growth reduction. In this study we cultivated cucumber seedlings in nutrient solution under different air-RZ temperature treatments to investigate the effects of RZ warming on seedling growth- and photosynthesis-related ...

We demonstrate polarization-insensitive non-return-to-zero (NRZ)-to-pulsewidth tunable return-to-zero (RZ) conversion based on a Raman amplifier (RA)-based pulse compressor and a fiber-based NRZ-to-RZ converter, which consists of a polarization diversity loop. We measure the bit-error rate (BER) characteristics of the input NRZ signal and the converted RZ signals. The power penalty of less than...

We determine optimum bandwidths for optical and electrical filters in optically preamplified receivers, both for NRZ coding and RZ coding. Our simulations clearly reveal the trade-offs to be made when optimizing bandwidths: NRZ is typically limited by intersymbol interference, while RZ is limited by energy truncation. Thus, RZ allows for tighter filtering, leading to near quantum limited perfor...

Authors’ contributions LT and RZ designed the study and developed the database. LT and RZ performed the statistical analyses and drafted the manuscript. RZ wrote the manuscript. AG critically revised the statistical analysis, the study design and the manuscript. AM critically revised the manuscript in cooperation with the co-authors and interpreted the data. HH critically revised the microbiolo...