Exploitation of the heterosis of hybrid rice has shown great success in the improvement of rice yields. However, few genotypes exhibit strong restoration ability as effective restorers of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in the development of hybrid rice. In this study, we developed a platform for the breeding by design of CMS restorer lines based on a library of chromosomal single segment subs...

Restoration of pollen fertility to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) Phaseolus vulgaris by a nuclear restorer gene provides a system for studying nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions. Introduction of a nuclear restorer gene to this CMS line of P. vulgaris (CMS-Sprite) results in a mitochondrial genome rearrangement similar to that observed upon spontaneous cytoplasmic reversion to fertility. Three spo...

Predicted climate changes, in particular, the increased dimension and frequency of heat waves, are expected to affect crop growth in the future seriously. Hybrid rice relies on seed production from male sterile and restorer lines. Experiments were conducted over two consecutive years to compare the high temperature tolerance of parents of different hybrid rice combinations, in terms of fertilit...

Rice wild abortive (WA) type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is commercially used for production of hybrid seeds in China. Two fertility restorer genes in the CMS-WA system were detected with SSLP markers in this study. An F 2 population consisting of 210 excessive sterile individuals from a cross between Zhenshan 97A and a strong restorer line IR24 was used for mapping of Rf4. The genetic dis...

Sorghum is one of the most important cereal crops in the semi-arid tropics. Several insect pests damage it. The possibility of identifying genotypes with multiple resistance to these pests and transferring the relevant genes into high-yielding varieties and hybrids has been considered as an attractive approach to reducing yield losses. A set of 12 cytoplasmic male-sterile and maintainer lines, ...

Mitochondria execute key pathways of central metabolism and serve as cellular sensing and signaling entities, functions that depend upon interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genetic systems. This is exemplified in cytoplasmic male sterility type S (CMS-S) of Zea mays, where novel mitochondrial open reading frames are associated with a pollen collapse phenotype, but nuclear restorer-of...

Cotton is the most important commercial crop of India and heterosis in cotton is well documented with 7 to 50 per cent heterosis in interspecific (G. hirsutum x G. barbadense) hybrids, 10 to 138 per cent in intra-hirsutum hybrids and upto 220 per cent in desi (G. herbaceum x G. arboreum) hybrids. Currently hybrid cotton, especially Bt cotton hybrids, occupies more than 80 per cent of cultivated...

brassica juncea l. is an important oilseed crop which occupies premier position in indian agriculture. developing high yielding genotypes has been a major breeding objective in indian mustard. present study was conducted at directorate of rapeseed-mustard research, india, during 2010-2013 to determine general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) of parental lines and bet...

For the evolution of new pearl millet hybrids with diverse cytoplasmic background suitable for specific areas and condition, there is a need for diversified CMS sources among locally adaptable lines and identification of locally adaptable restorers. The present study was undertaken to screen the male sterile and restorer lines among the crosses of five male sterile lines and thirty inbreds of p...