Serial gadolinium enhanced MRI of the brain detects much clinically silent disease activity in early relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), and thus has an important role in monitoring the effects of therapy. Based on the proceedings of a recent Commission of the European Communities (CEC) workshop and a review of the literature, guidelines are presented for usin...

A comprehensive analysis of the global and regional values of cortical thickness based on 3D magnetic resonance images was performed on 250 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who participated in a multi-center, randomized, phase III clinical trial (the CombiRx Trial) and 125 normal controls. The MS cohort was characterized by relatively low clinical disability and short diseas...

background and purpose: multiple sclerosis (ms) is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder that develops from an interaction of the individual's genetic and as yet unidentified environmental causes. the prevalence of auto-antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients and their clinical associations vary in various studies. the aim of this study was to determine serum auto antibodies in multiple ...

Clinicians are expected to select a therapy based on their appraisal of evidence on benefit-to-risk profiles of therapies. In the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), evidence is typically expressed in terms of risk (proportion) of event, risk reduction, relative and hazard rate reduction, or relative reduction in the mean number of magnetic resonance imaging lesions. In...

This article describes the clinical and radiological evolution of a stable group of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis that had their disease-modifying therapy (DMT) withdrawn. Forty patients, which had made continuous use of one immunomodulator and had remained free of disease for at least 5 years, had their DMT withdrawn and were observed from 13 to 86 months. Out of the fol...

OBJECTIVES To find whether CSF analysis may differentiate between relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. METHODS In 17 patients with relapsing-remitting and 16 patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, all without current or recent relapses, albumin CSF: peripheral blood ratio, mononuclear cell number, CD4+, CD8+, and B1+ subsets, CD4+:CD8+ ratio, IgG,...

CLINICAL QUESTION What is the best current disease-modifying therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis? RESULTS The evidence shows that the most effective disease-modifying therapy for delaying short- to medium-term disability progression, prevention of relapses, reducing the area and activity of lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, with the least side effects, is high-dose, high-f...

Interferon-β is a first-line therapy used to prevent relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The clinical benefit of interferon-β in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is attributed to its immunomodulatory effects on inflammatory mediators and T cell reactivity. Here, we evaluated the production of hepatocyte growth factor, a neuroprotective and neuroinflammation-suppressive med...

PURPOSE To evaluate the use of magnetization transfer and the apparent enhancement of lesions on contrast-enhanced MR images in patients with multiple sclerosis. METHODS Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo MR images obtained in 20 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, with and without magnetization transfer, were evaluated to determine the number of enhancing plaques. Comp...