The results of ultrastructural studies and transmission electron microscope microanalysis of two Scenedesmus strains experimentally exposed to copper sulfate are presented. A fine-structural examination of the cells revealed the presence of nuclear inclusions in the form of central dense-core complexes. Cytoplasmic structures resembling the intranuclear inclusions were occasionally found in the...

Quantitative X-ray microanalysis models, such as ZAF or φ(ρz) methods, are normally based on solid, flat-polished specimens. This limits their use in various domains where porous materials are studied, such as powder metallurgy, catalysts, foams, etc. Previous experimental studies have shown that an increase in porosity leads to a deficit in X-ray emission for various materials, such as graphit...

Nano-structured copper oxides were successfully prepared through direct calcination of 1D ladderlike metal-organic framework [Cu2(btec)(2,2'-bipy)2]∞, (btec = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylate and 2,2'-bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine) and porous coordination polymer [Cu(BDC)(bipy)](BDCH2), (BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate; bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine). The nano-structure of the as-synthesized samples are charac...

X-ray microanalysis is commonly applied in biomaterials research to study changes in biomaterial composition, calcifications, or to identify particulates in tissue that has been in contact with biomaterials. Studies where the effect of biomaterials on the naturally occurring elements in the cells are studied are rare. Exposure to or contact with biomaterials may give rise to several cellular re...

Thirty-two years after injection of thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) for diagnostic x-ray studies in a female patient deposits were found by light microscopy in the liver macrophages (Kupffer cells). They were shown by electron microscopy to be located inside secondary lysosomes, and by autoradiography and x-ray microanalysis they were identified as thorium.

Abrief description is given of the events surrounding the development of biological X-ray microanalysis during the last 30 years, with particular emphasis on the contribution made by research workers in Cambridge, UK. There then follows a broad review of some applications of biological X-ray microanalysis. A more detailed consideration is given to the main thrust of current procedures and appli...

OBJECTIVES The diagnostic implications of finding non-fibrous inorganic particles in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid has not been fully assessed. The aim of this study has been to measure the silica and non-fibrous silicates in BAL fluid from populations with different exposures to inorganic dust, and to find whether such measurement is useful for diagnostic purposes. MATERIALS AND METHODS...