[1] One of the major climatic changes apparent over the Arctic Ocean has been the amplified rate at which air temperature has been increasing relative to the global mean. There are multiple factors which play roles in this amplification, including changes in sea ice/albedo, atmospheric circulation, clouds, and water vapor. We investigate the positive feedback on temperature caused by increasing...

Pacific Water (PW) enters the Arctic Ocean through Bering Strait and brings in heat, fresh water, and nutrients from the northern Bering Sea. The circulation of PW in the central Arctic Ocean is only partially understood due to the lack of observations. In this paper, pathways of PW are investigated using simulations with six state-of-the art regional and global Ocean General Circulation Models...

INTRODUCTION The combination of pulsed wave (PW) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) has been proposed as a new method to assess left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD), but results have not been validated. We investigated the correlation of a combination of PW and TDI with a positive response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 108 consecutiv...

In this paper, we study the Payne-Whitham (PW) model as a hyperbolic system of conservation laws with relaxation. After studying the Riemann problem for the homogeneous version of the PW model, we introduce three first-order numerical solution methods for solving the system. In these methods, the homogeneous part of the PW model is approximated by Godunovtype difference equations, and different...

−The vapor-phase MTBE decomposition was examined in a shell and tube-type catalytic membrane reactor (CMR). 12-Tungstophosphoric acid (PW) was used as a catalyst and poly-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide (PPO) was used as a polymer material. A single-phase CMR (PW-PPO/Al2O3, type-1) and a composite CMR (PW-PPO/ PPO/Al2O3, type-2) were successfully designed and characterized. It was revealed tha...

[1] In this paper, the atmospheric precipitable water (PW) was estimated by means of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) thermal channels brightness temperature difference (DT), over the broader area of Greece. The AVHRR derived DT was calculated in a grid of 5 5 km cells; the corresponding PW value in each grid cell was extracted from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ...

Let Pw be the lattice of Muchnik degrees of nonempty Π1 subsets of 2. The lattice Pw has been studied extensively in previous publications. In this note we prove that the lattice Pw is not Brouwerian.

Background: It was intended to investigate the effect of physical wedge (PW) and enhanced dynamic wedges (EDW) on contralateral breast dose during primary breast irradiation in radiotherapy treatment, using high energy photon beams. Materials and Methods: The Varian’s Clinac dual mode linear accelerator model 2100 C/D and Siemen’s Primus accelerators were used for radiation doses wi...

Let P be a set of reals viewed as a mass problem, i.e., a “decision problem with more than one solution.” Here the “solutions” of P are the elements of P . Many unsolvable mathematical problems are best viewed as mass problems. One says that a mass problem P is weakly reducible to a mass problem Q if for every solution Y of Q there exists a solution X of P such that X is Turing reducible to Y ....