College students in a psychology research-methods course learned concepts related to inferential statistics and hypothesis decision making. One group received equivalence-based instruction on conditional discriminations that were expected to promote the emergence of many untaught, academically useful abilities (i.e., stimulus equivalence group). A negative control group received no instruction,...

Recent evidence suggests that automatic imitation is mediated by an observation-execution matching system that cannot be reduced to the same processes responsible for other stimulusresponse (S-R) compatibilities. A computational model is developed with different patterns of connectivity for imitative and spatial compatibilities, and it is successful in simulating the results from three differen...

In the 1970s a need arose to perform special arithmetic operations on minicomputers much more quickly than had been possible in the past. This paper tells the story of why micro programming was needed for special arithmetic operations on mini computers in the 1970s and how it was implemented. The paper tells how the laboratory in which the first experiment took place had a PDP-9 minicomputer fr...

objective: the anti-cancer properties of curcumin, a poliphenol extract from the rhizome of curry, has been confirmed by many investigators. however, low levels of uptake, tissue distribution and rapid metabolism has limited its application as an anti-cancer drug. this study is aimed at increasing curcumin's water solubility due to a biodegradable, neutral and non-toxic micellar nano-carrier ca...

programmed cell death, which can be classified into apoptosis, autophagy, and oncosis, based on the cellular signalling pathways involved in the process, plays a critical role in cellular house-keeping. aberrant cell death regulation leads to body malformations, as well as to numerous diseases. here, we describe the effects of cytototoxins isolated from marine organisms on the various programme...

The activated T cells can be suppressed by programed death-1 (PD-1) axis through low affinity interaction between PD-1 and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in solution or on antigen presenting cells. In clinic, the concentration of soluble PD-L1 in peripheral blood negatively correlates with cancer prognosis. However, there is little information about the relation between the affinity of PD-1/PD-L1 interact...

What should be taught in a library instruction program for general biology students is presented and two ways of providing the instruction are discussed. The two methods, lecture-demonstration and guided exercise (form of programmed instruction), are described, and evaluated for their effectiveness. The evaluations considered are students' ability to collect a satisfactory bibliography, scores ...