OBJECTIVE Food stimuli are omnipresent and naturally primary reinforcing stimuli. One explanation for the intake of high amounts of food in binge eating disorder (BED) is a deviant valuation process. Valuation of food stimuli is supposed to influence approach or avoidance behaviour towards food. Focusing on self-reported and indirect (facial electromyography) valuation process, motivational asp...

We discuss an online discrete optimization problem called the buyback problem. In the literature of the buyback problem, the valuation function representing the value of a set of selected elements is given by a linear function. In this paper, we consider a generalization of the buyback problem using a nonlinear valuation function. We propose an online algorithm for the problem with a discrete c...

We consider counterparty risk for Credit Default Swaps (CDS) in presence of correlation between default of the counterparty and default of the CDS reference credit. Our approach is innovative in that, besides default correlation, which was taken into account in earlier approaches, we also model credit spread volatility. Stochastic intensity models are adopted for the default events, and default...

When deciding, we aim to choose the "best" possible outcome. This is not just selection of the option that is the most numerous or physically largest, as options are translated from objective value (count) to subjective value (worth or utility). We localized the neural instantiation of the value-to-utility transformation to the dorsal anterior midcingulate cortex (daMCC), with independent repli...

Functional business valuation is the prevailing doctrine in theoretically well-founded German-language literature, because value of a company primarily dependent on purpose (function) valuation. This paper deals with one three main functions valuation: argumentation function. where determined. The function that has been least developed and accepted to date, but probably most commonly used real ...

We studied here on some simple examples the interaction between valuation family, parameters and ranking result. The ranking method studied is based upon the idea of associating with a fuzzy number a scalar value, its valuation, and using this valuation to compare and order fuzzy numbers. The valuation method considered was introduced initially by the Yager and Filev. This valuation consists in...

A series of five field and laboratory studies reveal a temperature-premium effect: warm temperatures increase individuals' valuation of products. We demonstrate the effect across a variety of products using different approaches to measure or manipulate physical warmth and different assessments of product valuation. The studies suggest that exposure to physical warmth activates the concept of em...

Representation of a granule, relation and operation between two granules are mainly researched in granular computing. Hyperbox granular computing classification algorithms (HBGrC) are proposed based on interval analysis. Firstly, a granule is represented as the hyperbox which is the Cartesian product of $N$ intervals for classification in the $N$-dimensional space. Secondly, the relation betwee...