Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitor) is a new targeted drug for metastatic prostate cancer in which the patient has mutation on homologous repair gene including BRCA1/2 gene. This was first gene-based agent and there were more than 5 available drugs PARP inhibitors. Only 4 approved clinical use patients with from U.S. Food Drug Administration. review article deals overview o...

dna amplification using taq dna polymerase is one of the most widely used techniques in molecular biology and biotechnology. the aim of this study was to amplify the gene of this enzyme from a thermophilic bacteria called thermus aqauticus and clone it into a vector for future use. using specific primers the cdna of taq dna polymerase was amplified and ligated into the cloning vector ptz57r usi...

PCR amplification and detection of GC rich sequences in DNA is a challenge due to formation secondary structures which resist denaturation, thereby stalling Taq polymerases as well affecting primer annealing. Presently, high fidelity polymerase used for amplifying long GC-rich fragments, while dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has also been suggested an additive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) mix avoi...

objectives the cause of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) as a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease is still unknown. it appears that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in its pathogenesis. recent studies reveal that in addition to the cns, immune cells synthesis neurotransmitters so that these catecholamines can regulate immune functions. the aim of this study is to evaluate the dop...

abstract: introduction & objective: helicobacter pylori are among the important pathogens responsible for chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. the present study aimed to comparatively evaluate pcr and rut methods for detection of h. pylori and determination of the prevalence of the cagapositive helicobacter pylori strains in shahrekord. materials & methods: this is a molecular ep...

background: sulfatase 1 ( sulf1 ) function is to remove the 6-o-sulphate group from heparan sulfate. this action changes the binding sites of extracellular growth factors. sulf1 expression has been reported to be changed in angiogenesis. we hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of sulf1 would impact clinicopathologic characteristics. objective: study of sulf1 gene polymorphis...

introduction: one of the most important agents in hospital-acquired infections is staphylococcus aureus. treatment of methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) infections with decreased susceptibility to vancomycin has recently been more difficult. the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible presence of vancomycin intermediate s. aureus (visa) and vancomycin- resistant s. aureus (vrsa) and ...

Background and Aims: lamivudine is amongst the antiviral for drug chronic hepatitis B treatment. During therapy with lamivudine, variants may emerge with YMDD mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) region of polymerase gene. This mutation might have a role in drug resistant for HBV. Materials and Methods: HBV DNA extraction from serum sample of 88 patients, were subjected to nested PCR for ...

The current study's goal was to identify virulence factors (genes) in P. mirabilis. A total of 25/100 (25%) Proteus mirabilis were obtained from patients with otitis media and identified using culture biochemical characteristics, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR technique used detect the 16S rRNA gene all factors, including ureC gene, which encodes urease synthesis, flaA flagella fimbriae p...