The effects of the herbicides 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride (paraquat), 3,6-dichloro-2-metoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on cell growth of non-green potato tuber calli are described. We attempted to relate the effects with toxicity, in particular the enzymes committed to the cellular antioxidant system. Cell cultures were exposed to the herbici...

The adsorption and desorption of paraquat (1, l'-dimethyl-4,4'-dipyridylium dichloride) in two tropical soils was determined under laboratory conditions. The two soils were taken from rice fields located in the North West of Perak state. The adsorption equilibrium time was 2 hours for both soil types. This adsorption equilibrium time was used to determine the effect of concentration on adsorpti...

1. The efficacy of whole bowel irrigation with a solution containing either polyethylene glycol (PEG) with electrolyte or an adsorbent (Kayexalate with a cathartic (sorbitol) was investigated in 18 dogs who had been given 250 mg kg-1 paraquat dichloride via a jejunal tube to eliminate the influence of gastric absorption. 2. Plasma paraquat concentrations 2 and 3 h after the initiation of bowel ...

Contamination of soil with pesticides can be evaluated using toxicity tests with worms because their ecological niche makes them good bioindicators. Bioaccumulation in compost worms of [methyl-14C] paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride) was measured after three-month exposure in two substrates with differing physicochemical characteristics, in particular their organic matter and ...

Since the most characteristic feature of paraquat poisoning is lung damage, a prospective controlled study was performed on excised rat lungs in order to estimate the intensity of lesion after different doses. Twenty-five male, 2-3-month-old non-SPF Wistar rats, divided into 5 groups, received paraquat dichloride in a single intraperitoneal injection (0, 1, 5, 25, or 50 mg/kg body weight) 24 h ...

crop residue is a non-chemical method of weed control in agricultural sustainable systems. this research was conducted at the alarogh site of ardabilto evaluate the effect of integrated use of mulch and herbicide on weed emergence and growth in potato in 2007. treatments were four levels herbicide including: (1) paraquat [n,n'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride] herbicide as pre-pl...

Paraquat (1,lYdimethyl-4,4-dipyridylium dichloride) is an effective herbicide and (lesiccant which is being used for the rapid top kill of certain woo(ly plants. The rapidity of kill suggests that the mo(le of action of paraquat is tlifferent fr'9m the slowver acting hormone-type herbicides. Light has been shown to enhance the herbicidal effectiveniess of certain dipyridvlium cations (4). Conse...

Gromoxone 267 SL Herbicide (GH) is widely used in weed control, and its contamination the soil has potential for agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to explore effect application soluble herbicide on changes chemical properties Inceptisols. This a completely randomized design with 4 treatments 3 replications, namely A = 0% R (0.00 mL GH 7.34 H2O); B 50% (0.03 mL-1 C 100% (0.06 HG H...

The herbicide paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride; PQ), is a poison known to cause delayed mortality due to lung and kidney injuries. High-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy has been extensively applied in evaluating nephrotoxicity by the characteristic perturbations in the excretion pattern of low molecular weight endogenous metabolites. The app...