1569-190X/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier B.V doi:10.1016/j.simpat.2009.09.009 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +82 2 3408 4037; fa E-mail address: [email protected] (J.-W. Jeong The objective of this paper was to find an effective way of improving demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) simulation performed under an occupant based ventilation standard established in many countries. Two attractive ...

The Acceleration Severity Index (ASI) is used to evaluate the potential for occupant risk in full-scale crash tests involving roadside safety hardware. Despite its widespread use across Europe, there is a lack of research relating this metric to occupant injury in real-world collisions. Recent installation of Event Data Recorders (EDRs) in a number of late model vehicles presents a different pe...

HVAC systems are significant consumers of energy, however building management systems do not typically operate them in accordance with occupant movements. Due to the delayed response of HVAC systems, prediction of occupant locations is necessary to maximize energy efficiency. In this paper we present an approach to occupant location prediction based on association rule mining, which allows pred...

In a frontal vehicle crash, for a given crash velocity and given maximum vehicle crush, with a known restraint characteristic, what is the vehicle pulse, subject to lower and upper bound constraints, that produces the lowest peak occupant deceleration? A solution procedure using numerical optimization is proposed. The pulse is discretized in the vehicle crush domain. The optimization search is ...

An Australian Standard for Wheelchair Occupant Restraint Assemblies for Motor Vehicles has been produced. Titled Australian standard 2942-1987, Wheelchair Occupant Restraint Assemblies for Use in Motor Vehicles, it establishes design and performance requirements for these restraints, and includes details of dynamic testing procedures. Under the Standard, a lap belt is the basic occupant restrai...

Most of the current studies and solutions developed for building thermal control have been designed independent of the occupant feedback. An acceptable temperature range for the occupancy level is estimated, and control input is designed to maintain temperature within that range during occupancy hours. Consider office floors with cubicles, conference rooms, student dorms, homes, and other multi...

In this work we propose a framework for incorporating occupant feedback towards temperature control of multi-occupant spaces, and analyze it using singular perturbation theory. Such a system would typically have to accommodate occupants with different temperature preferences, and incorporate that with thermal correlation among multiple zones to obtain optimal control for minimization of occupan...

This paper proposes a methodology that allows the combination of the Stability Factor and handling characteristic to predict the probability of rollover per single vehicle crash. Paper No.202-O Simulation of Occupant Kinematics in Vehicle Rollover Dummy Model versus Human Model Norbert Praxl, Markus Schönpflug, Jiri Adamec Institute for Legal Medicine Munich, Germany Abstract Currently, 25% of ...

Road traffic accidents are responsible for over 3000 deaths per year in the UK, according to Department for Transport (2004a) figures. Although progress is being made in a number of areas, vehicle occupant fatalities have not been falling in line with casualty reduction targets for the year 2010. A sample of 1185 fatal vehicle occupant cases was considered, from ten UK police forces, from the y...

Optimal performance of future adaptive restraint systems will require an accurate assessment of occupant characteristics including physical properties and pre-collision behavior of the occupant. This study is aimed at evaluating the sensitivity of frontal collision induced injuries to occupant state parameters: stature, mass, and pre-collision postural orientation. A numerically modeled restrai...