Recent studies have increasingly investigated construction methods for tunnel excavation because of growing underground space development. Although the New Austrian tunneling method (NATM)—a representative method—can be applied to various ground conditions, as well having good constructability and economic feasibility, it suffers from problems such vibration noise. By contrast, using a boring m...

The city bypass tunnel of Waidhofen an der Ybbs (Austria) is situated in an intricate geological-geotechnical complex consisting of soil, hard soil, weak rock and solid rock. Marls and marly limestone (Waidhofener formation) predominate followed by tectonic breccia of the Alpine cliff zone, which is a tectonic melange zone. Materials of this kind universally have isolated interior blocks (shade...

The proposal of the NATM has changed people’s understanding support principle. Therefore, how to improve self-supporting capacity surrounding rock become an important issue in research. Bolts and lining are widely used together various projects because their bearing reinforcement effects line with concept NATM. This paper puts forward a model analyze mechanical behavior deeply buried circular t...