The pore pressures of the S, R, Q and P sands follow the hydrostatic gradient and are in pressure communication across the entire Auger basin, Gulf of Mexico. At the structural crests of these sands the pore pressures exceed the least principle stress; directly above the sand crests, are a series of mud volcanoes. Using 3-D seismic and pressure data we map the distribution of subsurface pressur...

In paper based on the results of previous studies and latest investigations of mud volcanoes in the South Caspian basin the depth occurrence of fluid, mud and rocks are calculated and modeled. Major factors causing formation of diapirism/mud volcanism in the South Caspian basin are Pliocene-Quaternary high sedimentation rates (up to 3 km/my), super thick sedimentary cover (up to 25 30 km), pred...

gases and liquids in the subsurface erupt to the surface, carrying slurries of fluid, mud, and millimeter-to-meter sized rocks [12-14]. The driving force is generally a combination of overpressure and compression. These conditions often occur in orogenic belts and involve hydrocarbon generation, but other mechanisms (e.g. rapid sedimentation with gas hydrate destabilization or clay dewatering) ...

Mud volcanoes are solid objects that form on the seafloor due to the emission of gas and fluidized sediment from the earth’s interior [1]. They vary widely in size, can be exposed, proud, or buried, and are of interest to the Navy as sources of active sonar clutter [2]. The long-term goal of this work is to accurately model mud volcano scattering. The final product will make predicting and simu...

Mud volcanoes sometimes erupt within days after nearby earthquakes. The number of such nearly coincident events is larger than would be expected by chance and the eruptions are thus assumed to be triggered by earthquakes. Here we compile observations of the response of mud volcanoes and other geologic systems (earthquakes, volcanoes, liquefaction, ground water, and geysers) to earthquakes. The ...

Introduction: Mud volcanoes provide a unique low-temperature window into the Earth’s subsurface – including the deep biosphere – and may prove to be significant sources of atmospheric methane. The identification of analogous features on Mars would provide an important new class of sites for geological and astrobiological exploration. We report new work suggesting that features in Acidalia Plani...

Marine mud volcanoes are geological structures emitting large amounts of methane from their active centres. The Amsterdam mud volcano (AMV), located in the Anaximander Mountains south of Turkey, is characterized by intense active methane seepage produced in part by methanogens. To date, information about the diversity or the metabolic pathways used by the methanogens in active centres of marine...

Active mud volcanoes in the northern Apennines, Italy, currently have gentle eruptions. There are, however, historical accounts of violent eruptions and outbursts. Evidence for large past eruptions is also recorded by large decimeter rock clasts preserved in erupted mud. We measured the rheological properties of mud currently being erupted in order to evaluate the conditions needed to transport...

Detection of subsurface structures by means of gravity method can be used to determine mass distribution and density contrast of rock units. This distribution could be detected by different geophysical methods, especially gravity method. However, gravity techniques have some drawbacks and can't be always successful in distinguishing subsurface structures. Performance of the gravity technique co...