Poly(carbosilane) or PCS, {–CH2–SiH(CH3)–}n, is used as a Si-bearing precursor in combination with a coal tar pitch to study thermally induced transformations toward SiC-modified carbon composites. Following mixing of the components in the molten pitch at 160oC, the mixture is heated under argon atmosphere at 500oC yielding a solid carbonizate that is further subjected to separate pyrolysis exp...

This paper presents a one dimensional steady state mathematical model for the simulation of a small scale fixed-bed gasifier. The model is based on a set of differential equations describing the entire gasification process of softwood pellets and is solved by a two step iterative method. The main features of the model are: homogeneous and heterogeneous combustion and gasification reactions, one...

~ Author for correspondence; [email protected] A numerical study is performed in order to evaluate the performance and optimal operating conditions of vofiex pyrolysis reactors used for condensable tar production from biomass. A detailed mathematical model of porous biomass particle pyrolysis is coupled with a compressible Reynolds stress transport model for the twbulent reactor swirling flow....

A low SV causes relatively slow pyrolysis conditions at around 600°C, and produces high yields of charcoal 20-30%, large quantities of unburned tars, and a gas with high hydrocarbon content and high tar (volatile) content. A high SV causes very fast pyrolysis, producing less than 10% char-ash at 1050 C and hot gases at 1200-1400 C in the flaming pyrolysis zone. These gases then react with the r...

AIEWRACT-The pyrolysis of general biomass materials is modeled via a superposition of cellulose, hcmiccllulosc and lignin kinetics. All three of the primary biomass components arc modeled with multi-slcp kinetics involving both compcte-tivc primary pyrolysis and secondary tar decomposition reactions. Only " typical " (untreated) fccdstocks arc considered at at mosphcric pyrolysis pressures. The...

Evaluation of the sustainability of biomass pyrolysis requires a thorough assessment of the product yields and energy densities. With this purpose, a laboratory scale fixed bed reactor (FBR) was adapted from the standard Gray-King (GK) assay test on coal to conduct fixed bed pyrolysis experiments on agricultural and agro-industrial by-products. The present study provides results on the pyrolysi...

Tar-rich coal has been widely concerned because of its high tar yield. Two kinds tar-rich coals were studied by Thermogravimetric-Mass spectrometer-Fourier transform infrared (TG-MS-FTIR) to obtain the pyrolysis characteristics. TG-MS-FTIR was used study mass loss, gaseous compounds evolution, and functional group information during pyrolysis. Mass loss is mainly caused water release macromolec...

Coal tar is obtained by cooling the gas that is formed during the destructive distillation of coal to approximately ambient temperature. It is a black, viscous liquid composed primarily of a complex mixture of condensed-ring aromatic hydrocarbons. It may contain phenolic compounds, aromatic nitrogen bases and their alkyl derivatives, and paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons. Coal-tar pitch is t...

Biomass is a versatile material. It can be directly combusted to produce heat; however, by first subjecting it to a thermal or biological degradation, it can also be converted to products with a higher heating value or to materials with properties superior to those of the raw material [1]. When heated in the absence of oxygen, biomass decomposes into a range of products; including char (solid),...