In India same drug molecules are sold under different brand names by different pharmaceuticals. To persuade the physicians to prescribe their brands pharmaceuticals engage in marketing techniques like giving samples, gifts, sponsoring travel etc. Many countries are striving to reduce the impact of incentives on prescription behaviour. This study explores the influence of pharmaceutical marketin...

Drug induced liver injury during drug development is evidenced by a higher incidence of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations in treated versus placebo populations and termed an "ALT signal". We sought to quantify whether an ALT signal in pre-marketing clinical trials predicted post-marketing hepatotoxicity. Incidence of ALT elevations (ALT ≥ 3 times upper limits normal [× ULN]) for d...

Research into the marketing activities of the optical sector is extremely limited. The aim of this paper is redress this imbalance, and to examine and assess the role and relevance of marketing orientation to the independent optometrist. A national survey was undertaken using an adapted form of the MARKOR questionnaire, which sought to establish the level of marketing orientation of independent...

This paper reports on the development and implementation of a large-scale, marketing analytics framework for improving the segmentation, targeting and optimization of a consumer-facing firm’s marketing activities. The framework leverages detailed transaction data of the type increasingly becoming available in such industries. The models are customized to facilitate casino operations and were im...

BACKGROUND Professional societies use metrics to evaluate medical schools' policies regarding interactions of students and faculty with the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. We compared these metrics and determined which US medical schools' industry interaction policies were associated with student behaviors. METHODS AND FINDINGS Using survey responses from a national sample of 1,...

Trip planning is both challenging and tedious for tourists due to their unique interest preferences and various trip constraints. Despite the availability of online resources for tour planning and services provided by tour agencies, there are various challenges such as: (i) selecting POIs that are personalized to the unique interests of individual travellers; (ii) constructing these POIs as an ...

Comparative-effectiveness research (CER) aims to produce actionable evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of medical products and interventions as they are used outside of controlled research settings. Although CER evidence regarding medications is particularly needed shortly after market approval, key methodological challenges include (i) potential bias due to channeling of patients ...

Researchers in marketing, organization behaviour, and the other fields of business research frequently study variables that are abstract and not directly observable, for example, country image, brand loyalty, service quality, job satisfaction, work stress, managerial competence, etc. To measure such variables, referred to herein as latent variables, latent traits, or constructs, a multiple-item...

OBJECTIVES Both caspofungin and voriconazole were initially approved by the FDA with very narrow indications. Our aim was to evaluate the utilization patterns and comparative effectiveness of these agents early after marketing before any labeling change occurred. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study utilizing a large healthcare database in the United States. Patients who received at ...

Concerns are being voiced in the marketing literature regarding conceptual, methodological, and practical issues of measuring consumer satisfaction. This paper addresses the practical usefulness of a multiple-item weighted composite satisfaction score to universities. The results of this study suggest that a multiple-item satisfaction scale has significate diagnostic value for strategic decisio...