OBJECTIVE To determine the entry for the dorsal pedicular screw in relation to the notch present at the junction of base of the lateral margin of superior articular process with superior border of transverse process in dorsal spine. The advantage of this technique is a constant and easily identifiable entry point which does not involve partial resection of the inferior facet, thus maintaining s...

BACKGROUND Although many techniques of reduction mammaplasty are currently in use, a prospective study quantitating the sensation of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) after the performance of specific techniques has not been performed. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to quantitate the postoperative sensation of the NAC after reduction mammaplasty and to compare the results on the basis...

INTRODUCTION Women with extremely large breasts have many complaints. Reduction mammaplasty improves shape and relieves physical symptoms and alleviates psychological complaints. Mammaplasty is a an evolving technique; no single method is ideal or suitable for all breasts. Many techniques are advocated for reduction mammaplasty, including the superior, vertical, horizontal, lateral and inferior...

Study Design This study was designed as a survey amongst Canadian spine surgeon to determine a scoring system to standardize pedicle screw placement assessment. Purpose This study aimed to obtain and analyze the opinions of spine surgeons regarding the assessment of pedicle screw accuracy, with the goal of establishing clinical guidelines for interventions for malpositioned pedicle screws. ...

This procedure was developed for preservation of the rectus muscle components and deep inferior epigastric vessel after deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap harvesting. A 53-year-old woman with granuloma caused by silicone injection underwent bilateral nipple-sparing mastectomies and immediate reconstruction with "mini-flow-through" DIEP flaps. The flaps were dissected based on the s...

Bone cement augmentation of pedicle screw is an important surgical procedure for osteoporotic vertebral collapse, preventing screw loosening, migration or back-out. Bone cement leakage may develop and mostly does not compress the peripheral tissue of the vertebral body including the spinal cord. However, to our best knowledge, bone cement leakage into the inferior vena cava during cement augmen...

Superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) flap salvage remains challenging, particularly in cases of arterial insufficiency due to vessel spasm, pedicle kinking, or thrombosis. The already small, short SIEA pedicle, in addition to its inherent tendency toward spasm, renders the SIEA flap more difficult to manage when anastomotic revision is required. Furthermore, arterial thrombosis will ca...

OBJECTIVE To identify the volumes of contrast material needed to reach the specific landmarks and contrast pattern during Kambin's triangle approach (KB-A) in lumbar spinal stenosis. METHOD Sixty patients undergoing KB-A were investigated. Fifty-six patients were included in this study. KB-A were performed with the use of contrast-enhanced fluoroscopic visualization. After confirming the appr...

PURPOSE To evaluate the role of pedicle occlusion on the viable area of a skin island flap. METHODS An epigastric skin island flap was performed in 160 Wistar rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: G-1: occlusion of inferior epigastric artery; G-2: inferior epigastric vein; G-3: inferior epigastric vessels (artery/vein). At varying times postoperatively (2,3,4,5th day), ani...