INTRODUCTION: Governments throughout the developing world have a keen interest in diversifying their rural economies. One basis for this desire concern that reliance on a few crops for cash income can lead to instability in income that threatens rural livelihoods – has undoubtedly been accentuated by the worldwide price crises of 2007/08 and 2010/11. It is also true that, for many households th...

It is widely thought that incomes risks can be shared by trading in financial assets. But financial assets typically carry some risk idiosyncratic to them, hence, disposing incomes risk using financial assets will involve buying into the inherent idiosyncratic risk. However, standard theory argues that diversification would reduce the inconvenience of idiosyncratic risk to arbitrarily low level...

Using a database of more than 8,000 companies from 35 countries, we find that the value of corporate diversification is related to the level of capital market development, integration, and legal systems. Among high-income countries, where capital markets are well developed and integrated, we find a significant diversification discount. By contrast, for the lower income and segmented countries, ...

The concept paper for HDR 2001 starts thus: “New technologies – especially biotechnology and information/communication technology – are the driving forces of competition between nations and people in the global knowledge economy of the 21 century. Access to and a share in the financial returns from technology will be an important determinant of whether an individual or a country is a winner or ...

In the process of traditional economy transforming into modern economy in china, farmer’s diversification phenomena has arisen and developed and will continue a long time in the future. Accordingly, the general economic type of farmer diversification will effect on the rural source allocation. The land use behavior characteristics of diversification farmer are the aims of the study. Theoretic a...

Using a database of more than 8,000 companies from 35 countries, we find that the value of corporate diversification is negatively related to the level of capital market development. Among high-income countries, where capital markets are well developed, we find a significant diversification discount. By contrast, for the lower income countries, we find that there is either no diversification di...