In recent years, viral epidemics such as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have spread, and this outbreak is thought to be the result of animal-to-human transmission. Hence, accurate diagnostic tests to detect COVID-19 and antiviral antibodies in infected individuals are of utmost importance. This report describes the structure, history, taxonomy, and molecular and immunological techniques for...

A new fluorescence immunoassay technique, particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay (PCFIA), has been developed for quantifying the human immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG). In these "two-site sandwich assays," the capture antibody is immobilized on small polystyrene spheres and the tracer is fluorescein-labeled antibody. Polystyrene particles less than 1 microm in diameter make up the s...

Lidocaine, an anti-arrhythmic drug, was quantitated in serum by a commercially supplied enzyme immunoassay procedure. Replicate analyses of serum controls resulted in a within-assay coefficient of variation of less than 5.0 and a between-assay coefficient of variation of less than 6.5. Regression analysis of 87 serum samples analyzed by this technique (y) and by gas-liquid chromatography (x) g...

We used a miniature centrifugal analyzer in a spectrophotometric rate-measurement mode to determine the anticonvulsant drugs phenobarbital and diphenylhydantoin in serum, by use of a modified enzyme immunoassay ("EMIT", Syva Corp.) We decreased reagent cost per determination by at least sixfold by means of microscale techniques. Also, the analysis rate is increased by measuring multiple samples...

The EMIT homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for the determination of thyroxine (T4) was adapted to an automatic analyser (Type Kem-O-Mat) and compared with a conventional radioimmunoassay. Sera from 92 patients whose thyrometabolic status was being examined, and control sera with 3 different T4 concentrations were analysed by both methods. Day-to-day analyses of the control sera gave variation coef...

BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection is endemic among adult populations in Africa. A prevailing view is that childhood transmission is primarily responsible for the high seroprevalence of KSHV among adults that is observed throughout the continent. However, few studies have directly examined children, particularly in locations where KS is not commonly endemic. MET...

Serum specimens from patients on primidone therapy were assayed by two currently available procedures: a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) and a published gas-chromatographic procedure. Both procedures were done with commercially available materials and equipment. Results by the two procedures agreed well, which suggests that the two methods could be used interchangeably. For the...

I evaluated homogeneous enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) of serum thyroxine with the Gilford 3500 analyzer. The samples are pretreated before quantitation on the Gilford 3500; the procedure thereafter is entirely mechanized. Forty-four samples may be analyzed per run. Precision and accuracy are good, and results correlate well with those by radioimmunoassay.