The hypothalamus regulates the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones via release of releasing hormones into the hypophysial portal vasculature. Additional neuromessengers act at the pituitary to modulate responses to the hypothalamic hormones. For example, neuropeptide Y enhances the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and the response to the prolactin-inhibiting hormone dopamine.

Experimental study of hypothalamic obesity is based upon a foundation laid by clinicians who described lesions of the hypophysiohypothalamic region in obese human patients. Because of the non-specific character of the lesions which they found, previous investigation was naturally directed toward discovering whether damage to the hypothalamus, to the hypophysis, or to both was necessary to produ...

Nutritional infertility is very common in societies where women fail to eat enough to match their energy expenditure and such females often present as clinical cases of anorexia nervosa. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that link energy balance and central regulation of reproduction are still not well understood. Peripheral hormones such as estradiol, testosterone and leptin, as well as ne...

background:  matricaria chamomilla is an ancient herbal drug widely consumed to sexual system improvement. the aim of this research was to study the effect of matricaria chamomilla hydroalcholic extract on the pituitary-testis axis and testes tissues of male rats. methods:  mature male rats were randomly assigned to two groups: the matricaria group (100 mg/kg of matricaria chamomilla extract vi...