OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the non-inferiority of renoprotection afforded by benidipine versus hydrochlorothiazide in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS In this prospective, multicenter, open-labeled, randomized trial, the antialbuminuric effects of benidipine and hydrochlorothiazide were examined in renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor-treated patients w...

1. Chronic administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] can normalize plasma calcium in human hypoparathyroidism and in thyroparathyroidectomized animals. The effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on plasma calcium is associated with an increase in urinary calcium excretion. In an attempt to prevent this increase thyroparathyroidectomized rats receiving 1,25(OH)2D3 were also treated with hydrochlor...

BACKGROUND Diuretics are recommended as first-line agents for the treatment of hypertension. This randomized, double-blind, multicenter study assessed the long-term efficacy and safety of the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in comparison with the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide in patients with essential hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS After a 2- to 4-week placebo run-in, 1124 patients (mean ...

In 2004-2005, the antihypertensive effects of telmisartan 80 mg versus valsartan 160 mg combined with hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg were assessed in a large placebo-controlled trial in patients with stages 1 and 2 hypertension and demonstrated that both agents were highly effective in lowering blood pressure (BP) compared with placebo and that telmisartan lowered BP significantly greater than valsa...

-Hydrochlorothiazide and indapamide are thought to exert their hypotensive efficacy through a combined vasodilator and diuretic effect, but in vivo evidence for a direct vascular effect is lacking. The presence and mechanism of a direct vascular action of hydrochlorothiazide in vivo in humans were examined and compared with those of the thiazide-like drug indapamide. Forearm vasodilator respons...

A derivative spectrophotometry method was developed to determine enalapril, hydrochlorothiazide, candesartan and walsartan in complex antihypertensive drugs. The pharmaceutical preparations containing hydrochlorothiazide and one of the angiotensin convertase inhibitors were investigated. It was found that the developed method enables the constituents of the investigated drugs to be determined d...

In a double-blind crossover study, 13 patients with pretreatment diastolic blood pressure between 95 and 109 mm Hg received nadolol, 80 mg/day, plus placebo of hydrochlorothiazide and nadolol, plus three different doses of active hydrochlorothiazide. Patients remained on each active regimen for 3 weeks, with an intervening placebo period of 2 to 4 weeks. With 12.5 mg of hydrochlorothiazide dail...

A simple, specific and accurate reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of hydrochlorothiazide and candesartan cilexetil in pharmaceutical dosage form. The column used was Zorbax C8 (150×4.6 mm, 3.5μm) in isocratic mode, with mobile phase containing phosphate buffer-methanol (30:70) adjusted to pH 3.0 using ortho phosphoric a...

BACKGROUND Recently, hydrochlorothiazide has been shown to relax vascular smooth muscle in vitro in clinically relevant concentrations by the opening of calcium-activated potassium channels, leading to hyperpolarization and consequent closing of voltage-operated calcium channels. Long-term administration of hydrochlorothiazide reduces peripheral vascular resistance in vivo in man. These results...