Should Old-Age Benefits Be Earnings-Tested? We study the welfare effects of earnings testing flat-rate old-age benefits in a quantitative overlapping generations model with idiosyncratic labor income risk. In our model economy, even a moderate earnings testing reduces individuals’ expected lifetime utility, whenever other taxes are taken into account. Moreover, it also lowers the realized lifet...

The paper develops an overlapping generations model that highlights interactions between social security, unemployment and growth.The social security system has two components: old age pensions and unemployment insurance. Pensions have a direct effect on economic growth. Both pensions and unemployment benefits influence equilibrium unemployment caused by wage bargaining. Since unemployment impa...

What is the relationship between disability programs and financial distress? We provide first evidence on this using several markers of distress: bankruptcy, foreclosure, eviction, home sale. Rates these adverse events peak around time application. Using variation induced by an age-based eligibility rule, we find that allowance reduces likelihood bankruptcy 20 percent, foreclosure 33 sale 15 pe...

In this paper I discuss the role a progressive income tax system and a redistributive pay as you go (PAYGO) social security system can play in insuring and reallocating idiosyncratic as well as aggregate risk. I also argue that the underlying source of market failures generating such a role for government intervention may be crucial when determining the normative consequences of such social ins...

This paper examines retirement behaviour and household income for older persons in Chile. It pays close attention to the sources of household income, income inequalities, and the economic vulnerability of older persons. This is important in order to evaluate whether labour market and social security reform in Latin America will improve the welfare of older groups, and especially their vulnerabi...

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MNSOD) is one of the major scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria with pivotal regulatory role in ischemic disorders, inflammation and cancer. Here we report oxidative modification of MNSOD in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by the shotgun method using data-dependent liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). While 5816 and 5...

Data for further development of the flagellar antigen genetics of the species Escherichia coli are reported. Two new flagellin genes named fllA and flmA were found in E. coli 781-55, E2987-73, and E223-69, the test strains for E. coli flagellar antigens H44, H55, and H54, respectively (collection of the International Escherichia and Klebsiella Centre of the World Health Organization, Copenhagen...

This paper studies the large concentration of retirement behavior around statutory ages, a puzzling stylized fact. To investigate this fact, I estimate bunching responses to 644 pension benefit discontinuities, using administrative data on universe German retirees. Financial incentives alone cannot explain patterns, but there is direct effect ages. argue that framing ages as reference points fo...

Social Security in Belgium: Distributive Outcomes The paper analyzes the link between old-age income programs and economic outcomes in Belgium. We use a simulation methodology to construct an average pension generosity variable. Our regression analysis explores the link with distributional outcomes in income, consumption and more subjective indicators. Results document the weak link between ave...