BACKGROUND Oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and microalgae have attracted attention as an alternative carbon source for the next generation of biofuels. Glycogen abundantly accumulated in cyanobacteria is a promising feedstock which can be converted to ethanol through saccharification and fermentation processes. In addition, the utilization of marine cyanobacteria as...

possessing putative hypolipidemic effects, teucrium polium (tp) have been traditionally used as a medicinal plant in iran. the aim of the present study was to investigate this effect on the sucrose-induced insulin resistance male rat model. thirty wistar male rats weighting 180 ± 20 g were divided into five groups of six each. four groups were given sucrose 50% in drinking water for 10 weeks. i...

We examined whether the protein level and/or activity of glycogenin, the protein core upon which glycogen is synthesized, is limiting for maximal attainable glycogen levels in rat skeletal muscle. Glycogenin activity was 27.5 +/- 1.4, 34.7 +/- 1.7, and 39.7 +/- 1.3 mU/mg protein in white gastrocnemius, red gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles, respectively. A similar fiber type dependency of glyco...

BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is the combinatorial effect of many pathological processes including the loss of energy supplies, excessive intracellular calcium accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. The brain's ability to maintain energy demand through this process involves metabolism of glycogen, which is critical for release of stored glucose. However, regulation of glycogen...

Possessing putative hypolipidemic effects, Teucrium polium (TP) have been traditionally used as a medicinal plant in Iran. The aim of the present study was to investigate this effect on the sucrose-induced insulin resistance male rat model. Thirty Wistar male rats weighting 180 ± 20 g were divided into five groups of six each. Four groups were given sucrose 50% in drinking water for 10 weeks. I...

background nesfatin-1 is a protein derived from a precursor molecule of the nucleobindin-2 gene, and acts as an anorexigenic peptide on food intake behavior, and its level isinfluenced by nutritional status, food composition [fat and carbohydrate (cho)], and physical exercise. objectives the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of treadmill running (at high intensity) pro...

mycelium from 24 h, reaching a maximum at 3-4 days then dcclining by day seven. Electron micrographs of the mycelium at later times was complicated by the state of the mycelium, but few granules could be seen. The granules, which were 100-400 A in diameter, appeared to be polysaccharide on the basis of periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate staining [ 21. Large amounts of lipid mate...

The brain contains a small but significant amount of glycogen, which has long been considered to play an insignificant role in the brain. In this study, brain glycogen metabolism was measured using (13)C NMR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. Brain glycogen metabolism was modulated by hyperinsulinemia resulting in a net accumulation. The role of glycogen in maintaining brain function is unknown; one possib...

The anaerobic metabolism and its link with lactate and glycogen/glucose levels of muscles, liver and blood were quantitatively analyzed in tilapia, O. mossambicus under four different oxygen concentrations 5.20 + 0.65 (control), 3.66 + 0.55, 2.53 + 0.69 and 1.58 + 0.41 and recovery after 2 hrs (3.78 + 0.46) . The glycogen levels of muscle and liver reduced drastically at the oxygen level of 3.6...

Possessing putative hypolipidemic effects, Teucrium polium (TP) have been traditionally used as a medicinal plant in Iran. The aim of the present study was to investigate this effect on the sucrose-induced insulin resistance male rat model. Thirty Wistar male rats weighting 180 ± 20 g were divided into five groups of six each. Four groups were given sucrose 50% in drinking water for 10 weeks. I...