[1] We explore the predictability of the sea surface temperature anomalies associated with the Indian Ocean Dipole/Zonal Mode (IODZM) at a three-season lead, within the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) coupled general circulation model (CGCM). In both control simulations and retrospective forecasts of the 1990’s in the CGCM, we find that the occurrence of some IODZM events is precon...

Russell et al. (2006b) evaluated 18 of the coupled IPCC models by comparing the relationship between the pre-industrial westerly winds and the strength of the ACC, and we use this as our starting point. We compared the wind stress and ACC strength for the last 20 years of the 20th century for each model run (Fig. A1). Several of the models clustered close to the observations: these include the ...

A new bulk parameterization of the air–sea momentum flux at high wind speeds is proposed based on coupled wave–wind model simulations for 10 tropical cyclones that occurred in the Atlantic Ocean during 1998–2003. The new parameterization describes how the roughness length increases linearly with wind speed and the neutral drag coefficient tends to level off at high wind speeds. The proposed par...

The sensitivity of Northern Hemisphere sea ice cover to global temperature change is examined in a group of climate models and in the satellite-era observations. The models are found to have well-defined, distinguishable sensitivities in climate change experiments. The satellite-era observations show a larger sensitivity— a larger decline per degree of warming—than any of the models. To evaluat...

[1] The interannual variability of the hydrological cycle is diagnosed from the Hadley Centre and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) climate models, both of which are forced by observed sea surface temperatures. The models produce a similar sensitivity of clear-sky outgoing longwave radiation to surface temperature of 2 W m 2 K , indicating a consistent and positive clear-sky radiativ...

While tropical cyclone (TC) prediction, in particular TC genesis, remains very challenging, accurate prediction of TCs is critical for timely preparedness andmitigation. Using a new version of theGeophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) coupled model, the authors studied the predictability of two destructive landfall TCs: Hurricane Sandy in 2012 and Super Typhoon Haiyan in 2013. Results dem...

A gap-typed forest dynamic model KOPIDE was used to assess the dynamic responses of a mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest stand to climate change in northeastem China. The GFDL climate change scenario was applied to derive the changes in environmental variables, such as 10 ~ based DEGD and PET~P, which were used to implement the model. The simulation result suggests that the climate change wou...

projected global climate change may have a major influence on crop yield. the likely effects of climate change caused by increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels on rice yield in iran were evaluated using a mechanistic growth model for rice, gsac-rice, running under a climate change scenario predicted for a doubled-co2 (2xco2) atmosphere by the geophysical fluid dynamics laboratory (gfd...