Explanations for the emergence of monogamous marriage have focused on the cross-cultural distribution of marriage strategies, thus failing to account for their history. In this paper I reconstruct the pattern of change in marriage strategies in the history of societies speaking Indo-European languages, using cross-cultural data in the systematic and explicitly historical framework afforded by t...

Accurate reconstruction of prehistoric social organization is important if we are to put together satisfactory multidisciplinary scenarios about, for example, the dispersal of human groups. Such considerations apply in the case of Indo-European and Austronesian, two large-scale language families that are thought to represent Neolithic expansions. Ancestral kinship patterns have mostly been infe...

geographical concept of “haft karšvar” could be traced back to the proto-indo-iranian period. after the separation of indians and iranians, due to geographical circumstances and religio-political changes, original indo-iranian narrative of seven part of the earth, turned into its current versions. a comparison of old iranian and indian texts, specially avesta and vīspā̊ŋhō  purāṇa, shows that in...

This paper examines the Scandinavian terminology for ‘soot’ in connection with a number of Saami appellatives view to deciding which them are native and result from borrowing. Special attention is paid problem adopting loanwords Northern Europe, especially Peninsula. Two Proto- Germanic words denoting discussed morphological etymological point view. It suggested that West noun *hrōta- m./n. clo...

The nineteenth and early twentieth-century intellectual claim to European ancestry stems from the ‘Aryan Myth’—the linguistic equating of Iranians as direct descendants Aryans, or Indo-Europeans. historical genesis word ‘Aryan’ was influenced by First Persian Empire (550-330 B.C.E.) in reference an Iranian homeland, nineteenth-century Western linguists’ associations with ancestral Indo-European...