The hydrological conditions, suspended matter concentrations and vertical particulate matter flux were measured as the River Vistula flood wave (maximum discharge) was flowing into the southern part of the Gulf of Gdańsk on 26 May 2010. Extending offshore for several tens of kilometres, the river plume was well stratified, with the upper layer flowing away from the shore and the near-bottom wat...

Animal wastes are a major contributor of nutrients and enteric microorganisms to surface water and ground water. Polyacrylamide (PAM) mixtures are an effective flocculent, and we hypothesized that they would reduce transport of microorganisms in flowing water. After waste water running at 60.0 1 min(-1) flowed over PAM + Al2(SO4)3, or PAM + CaO in furrows, total coliform bacteria (TC) and fecal...

Ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B) is an important environmental driver that can affect locomotor performance negatively by inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Prolonged regular exercise increases antioxidant activities, which may alleviate the negative effects of UV-B-induced ROS. Animals naturally performing exercise, such as humans performing regular exercise or fish living in ...

Plastic encapsulated microcircuits with aluminum triple track structures were exposed to mixed flowing gas conditions to simulate and accelerate possible environments during long-term storage. No increase in resistance was measured and no corrosion products were observed after 800 h of accelerated exposure. Further experimentation indicated that chloride gas reacts with surface moisture in micr...

In this paper, we introduce “ Tangible Sound,” a musical instrument with a novel user interface that uses water. Like music, fluids cannot be physically grasped because their shape is constantly changing. We thus believe that water is a suitable interface for performing flowing music. We created a live, hands-on installation that uses the flow of water as an input medium to control the intuitiv...