At the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and at the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and smallholder farm households. The objectives of this study were to analyze factors affecting participation in cattle fattening and its impacts on household income in Fadis district of Eastern Hararghe. Both...

Irrigation is one means by which agricultural production can be increased to meet the growing food demands in the world. This study evaluated the effect of small-scale irrigation on farm household income in production. The specific objective of this study is to identify the factors influencing participation in small-scale irrigation and provides bases for policy makers in Girawa district, Easte...

Effective information communication and public participation in the planning process are important elements for facilitating successful environmental decision-making. Previous research has demonstrated the importance of these factors for delivering benefits to a wide range of stakeholders in the planning system by increasing the transparency and efficiency of the planning process. Planning info...

Income from o®-farm sources is especially important for land-poor households. However, the pattern of participation in o®-farm activities is heterogeneous across space. We explore the determinants of participation in o®-farm employment using data from rural Mexico. In particular, we try to undertand how the neighborhood and the neighbors a®ect the individual decision to participate in o®-farm l...

This paper aims to construct an empirical model for the analysis of two principal simultaneous decisions of farm operators: participation in the off-farm labor market, and the amount of resources to invest in farm capital. We first develop a theoretical model analyzing the effects of exogenous shocks on farmers’ decisions. Then, we estimate jointly a multinomial probit model of farmers’ off-far...

This study evaluates the off-farm labor response of rural households participating in the Grain for Green program in China, the largest conservation set-aside program in the developing world. Using a panel data set that we designed and implemented, we examine the impact of the program on changes in off-farm labor participation between 1999 (pre-program) and 2004 (post-program) using a differenc...

Using data from a national survey of farm households in the United States, this paper examines the effects of farm households’ decisions to participate in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and to work off the farm on the technical efficiency of farm household production. After controlling for the self selection bias in estimating the multiple output-oriented distance functions, results sho...

Small farms and smallholder farming systems play crucial roles in agricultural development in many developing countries. From the various rural development programs designed to support such farming systems, agricultural extension services are of at most importance. However, the benefit that farmers obtain from these services and the resulting impact depends, to a great extent, by their direct a...