Fungal infections and antifungal resistance are increasingly recognized. Antifungal susceptibility testing remains unstandardized, and a particularly important problem is endpoint determination. In this paper we propose the yeast metabolic reduction of the tetrazolium salt 2,3-bis(2- methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetraz olium hydroxide (XTT) as a colorimetric endpo...

Microwave drying technology has the potential for large production time and energy cost savings versus traditional vacuum drying methods for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) applications. One of the most critical parameters in the drying process is the determination of the end point, usually at a specified moisture content. On-line mass spectrometry (MS) was used as a tool to monitor micr...

BACKGROUND: GReliable prediction of patient response to fluid resuscitation is a crucial issue in the management of hemorrhagic shock. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate vertebral heart score (VHS) variation in fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock patients and the feasibility of this method in determining resuscitation endpoint.  METHODS: VHS values were assessed using previ...

A flexible robot arm with strain gauges distributed on it is used as a sensing unit in determination of endpoint position and force of flexible manipulator. The position and orientation of the flexible arm is expressed as a function of the local curvature. An interpolation technique gave a continuous curvature function from a finite set of measurements made with strain gauges. The endpoint forc...

We propose to use the MT2 concept to measure the masses of all particles in SUSY-like events with two unobservable, identical particles. To this end we generalize the usual notion of MT2 and define a new M (n,p,c) T2 variable, which can be applied to various subsystem topologies, as well as the full event topology. We derive analytic formulas for its endpoint M (n,p,c) T2,max as a function of t...

Endpoint detection is very important undertaking on the side of getting a good understanding and figuring out if a plasma etching process is done in the right way, especially if the etched area is very small (0.1%). It truly is a crucial part of supplying repeatable effects in every single wafer. When the film being etched has been completely cleared, the endpoint is reached. To ensure the desi...

We present results for the phase diagram of three flavor QCD for μB<∼500 MeV. Our simulations are performed with imaginary chemical potential μI for which the fermion determinant is positive. Physical observables are then fitted by truncated Taylor series and continued to real chemical potential. We map out the location of the critical line Tc(μB) with an accuracy up to terms of order (μB/T ) 6...

We show how the sum of the two average tau polarisations in the decay chain χ̃2 → τ̃1τ → ττ χ̃1 in minimal supersymmetry with conserved R-parity can be measured at the LHC. This is accomplished by exploiting the polarisation dependence of the visible di-tau mass spectrum. Such a measurement provides information on the couplings of the involved SUSY particles and allows a more precise determination...