Transalar encephaloceles are rare lesions that do not fit the standard classification of basal encephaloceles. Typically, these lesions present in adulthood, with nonspecific symptoms. We report here a case of a patient with Wegener disease in whom a large transalar encephalocele posterior to the sinus was noted when he was preoperative for left maxillary sinus surgery. The encephalocele demons...

Background Lateral sphenoid encephaloceles present a surgical challenge. These encephaloceles may be difficult to access given their lateral location and proximity to the neural and vascular structures of the sphenoid floor, pterygopalatine fossa, and lateral and superior sphenoid walls. Additionally, many patients have idiopathic intracranial hypertension, increasing the risk of recurrence. Wh...

Encephaloceles are spontaneous or acquired abnormal herniations of the brain into congenital or acquired osseous-dural defects of the skull base or cranial vault. When located in the middle fossa, they may present with medically intractable epilepsy, recurrent meningitis, CSF fistulas, middle ear fluid, or unilateral hearing loss. Bony deficits may involve either the body or the greater wing of...

Encephaloceles involving only the herniated fourth ventricle are exceedingly rare. We report a case of such a cranial malformation and review the literature regarding these malformations and their potential embryological derailment.

Congenital midline nasal masses (CMNMs) are rare lesions most commonly caused by dermoids, hemangiomas, nasal gliomas or encephaloceles. We report a case of nasal glioma and discuss the embryologic development, evaluation, and management of such CMNMs.

BACKGROUND Giant encephalocele is a rare condition and few published reports are available in the English literature. It is a challenge to neurosurgeons, even today. This series consists of 14 patients with giant encephaloceles treated at our institute. MATERIAL AND OBSERVATION Over a period of 8 years, from 2002 to 2009, 110 patients with encephaloceles were managed at our institute. Amongst...

Encephaloceles are anomalous herniations of the meninges, with or without brain matter. Globally the incidence of encephalocele is about 1 per 35,000 births, but it is more frequently reported in Southeast Asia. As the defect is more pertinent to embryological development, an encephalocele is a more common entity in an infant with a mean age of presentation ranging between 15.5 and 21 months; m...