We analyze in detail a leader election protocol that we call the Swedish leader election protocol. The goal is to select one among n > 0 players, by proceeding through a number of rounds. If there is only one player remaining, the protocol stops and the player is declared the leader. Otherwise, all remaining players flip a biased coin; with probability q the player survives to the next round, w...

political participation is an important factor for political survival of the society and government. this concept is a symbol showing people’s presence at actions of government, and it is a substantial index for people’s satisfaction in democratic countries. election can be the most important symbol of political participation. this is why people’s presence in election is carefully investigated ...

The article presents a new capital conception of estimating the impact sport activity population on social-economic development economy and society. effects are estimated through formation various types – physical, social, intellectual, which can be further quantitatively assessed. It was shown that forms all above capital. account these allows comprehensive assessment effect measures aimed at ...

A safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine is the holy grail of our generation, necessary to resurrect societies, save millions lives, protect economies from collapse. Patent protection primary legal mechanism for ensuring timely development such a vaccine. The patent system designed create incentives private parties invest in developing vaccine, knowing they will enjoy fruits their success. Indeed,...

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political participation can be considered as one of the indices in social and political development in different countries. women, who are commonly included in a society, can have essential roles to control a community and its political, social and cultural developments as well. therefore investigating women's political behavior is especially important to political and dynamical stabilitie...

In this paper we consider the problem of distributed leader election in unoriented Abelian Cayley graphs of degree 4. This family of graphs, denoted by C G 4, include bidimensional tori of arbitrary size and chordal rings with one arbitrary chord. We present an algorithm which assumes that the only structural knowledge available to the nodes is “I am in an Abelian Cayley Graph of degree 4”. The...