First rotation Pinus radiata D. Don trees were grown on a nitrogen-deficient sand dune in an experimental design that included lupin (Lupinus arboreus Sims) as an understory species, and biennial application of balanced fertilizer in a replicated split-plot factorial design with thinning treatments as subplots. From an initial 2222 stems ha(-1), stands were thinned to 1483 and 741 trees ha(-1) ...

Biofuel production processes at high gravity are currently under development. Most of these processes however use sugars or first generation feedstocks as substrate. This paper presents the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the production of bio-ethanol at high gravity conditions from a second generation feedstock, namely, wheat straw. The LCA used lab results of a set of 36 process c...