periodontal ligament is a thin layer of soft tissue that connects root of a tooth to the surrounding alveolar bone. these ligaments play an important role in initiating tooth movement when loads are applied to teeth with orthodontic appliances. the majority of such soft tissues exhibit as viscoelastic bodies or have a time-dependent behavior. due to the viscoelastic behavior of the periodontal ...

One of the central projects of formal epistemology concerns the formulation and justification of epistemic norms. The project has three stages: First, the formal epistemologist produces a mathematical model of an agent’s epistemic states—call this the descriptive stage. Next, she formulates, in terms of this model, putative norms that she claims govern these states—call this the normative stage...

We introduce computational creativity theory (CCT) as an analogue in computational creativity research to computational learning theory in machine learning. In its current draft, CCT comprises the FACE descriptive model of creative acts as tuples of generative acts, and the IDEA descriptive model of the impact such creative acts may have. To introduce these, we simplify various assumptions abou...

this paper deals with the interfacial effects of silica fume (sf) and styrene-butadiene polymer (sbr) on compressive strength of concrete. analyzing the compressive strength results of 32 concrete mixes performed over two water-binder ratios (0.35, 0.45), four percentages replacement of silica fume (0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%) and four percentages of sbr (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) were investigated. a mathemati...

The study investigate instruction on secondary school continuous students’ poor performance in mathematics in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) examinations considered significant in helping problems. A sample of Butere/Mumias district, Kenya control groups. An experimental research design w test post-test equivalent groups design. taught trigonometry mathematical tables respe...

We document the descriptive statistics and detailed regression outputs for educational attainment and measured 2D:4D ratios, based on the RLMS data (20th round, conducted in 2011-2012). Regression analysis is conducted using STATA 13, gologit2 which is a special code for the generalized ordered logit regression in STATA environment. We provide graphs of differences in means of 2D:4D ratios by e...

background and purpose: utilization of health care services and food influence the health status. the food and health care expenditure ratios determine the importance level of them in household's consumption expenditures. we aimed to investigate the iranian rural and urban food and health expenditure ratios inequality during 1998 to 2012. materials and methods: this is a descriptive longit...

This paper presents an efficient algorithm for voltage scaling of an distributed embedded system taking communicating processes into account. The algorithm finds scaled voltages for each processes without restricting the applicable voltage levels apriori. In addition the algorithm is not limited by a fixed power consumption among processes. Furthermore we show the importance of a process optimi...

The elements of mathematical language are on the whole precise and unambigous. In the history of science, one can see that the development of any branch of science begins from the largely descriptive, goes on to become explanatory at the qualitative level, and finally becomes explanatory at the quantitative level. With the application of mathematical principles, physics made the transition from...