The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report widened the equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) range from 2° to 4.5°C to an updated range of 1.5° to 4.5°C in order to account for the lack of consensus between estimates based on models and historical observations. The historical ECS estimates range from 1.5° to 3°C and are derived assuming a linear radiative response to...

Measuring the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) in the periphery of the eye is complicated. The lengthy measurement time precludes all but the most determined subjects. The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate a faster routine based on the quick CSF method (qCSF) but adapted to work in the periphery. Additionally, normative data is presented on neurally limited peripheral CSFs. A p...

Contrast sensitivity is a useful measure of the ability of an observer to distinguish contrast signals from noise. Although usually applied to human observers, contrast sensitivity can also be defined operationally for individual visual neurons. In a model linear neuron consisting of a filter and noise source, this operational measure is a function of filter gain, noise power spectrum, signal d...

PURPOSE To compare the measurement of contrast sensitivity at a distance in patients submitted to penetrating keratoplasty versus patients submitted to deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus treatment. METHODS Contrast sensitivity of fourteen subjects submitted to penetrating keratoplasty and fourteen subjects submitted to deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty have been analyzed th...

The hydrodynamic theory of dentin sensitivity states that a stimulus applied at the orifice of exposed dentinal tubules causes movement of tubular fluid which stimulates nerve receptors. The fluid should obey principles of fluid movement through capillary tubes. Any decrease in the functional radius of the dentinal tubules should greatly reduce the rate of fluid flow, thus reducing dentinal sen...

Treatments that obturate dentin tubules have been used for reducing dentin hypersensitivity. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of multiple treatments with a mildly supersaturated calcium phosphate solution on the hydraulic conductance (Lp) of partially occluded dentin discs in vitro. The treatment solution contained 6.5 mmoll(-1) each of calcium and phosphate, 0.25 mmoll(...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine blood groups and Rhesus factor from dentin and pulp using absorption-elution (AE) technique in different time periods at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 150 cases, 30 patients each at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months were included in the study. The samples consisted of males and females with age ranging 13-60 yea...

Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity is a pain arising from exposed dentin, typically in response to clinical, thermal, tactile, evaporative or osmotic stimuli that cannot be explained as arising from any other form of dental pathology. Most authorities agree that Brannstrom’s “Hydrodynamic Theory" of nerve stimulation due to movement of dentinal fluid, best explains dentin hypersensitivity. T...

OBJECTIVE The Spectra Caries Detection Aid is a fluorescent camera (FC) caries detector device that has been demonstrated to detect occlusal caries extending into dentin with good sensitivity and specificity. This in vitro study examined the diagnostic performance of this device with the goal of defining the numerical reading that best indicates that a tooth has dentin caries. METHODS Ninety ...

This article seeks to unpack the relationship between social structure and accounts of illness. Taking dentine hypersensitivity as an example, this article explores the perspective that accounts of illness are sense-making processes that draw on a readily available pool of meaning. This pool of meaning is composed of a series of distinctions that make available a range of different lines of com...