Fungi are primary agents of organic matter decomposition in forests. Although invertebrate grazing affects fungal biomass and morphology, the species-specific consequences of these interactions are little understood. Using three collembola species (Folsomia candida, Protaphorura armata, Proisotoma minuta) we employed a multi-trophic approach to investigate the individual effects of invertebrate...

The effect of interaction between the springtail Protaphorura armata (Tullberg) (Collembola Onychiuridae), and the foot and root pathogenic fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis Von Arx et Olivier var. tritici Walker on number, dry biomass and health of wheat seedlings under two substrate water content levels was studied in a mesocosm experiment. Adult specimens of P. armata were added to each contain...

Biological invasions represent a threat to ecosystems, through competition and habitat destruction, which may result in significant changes of the invaded community. Asparagopsis armata Harvey 1855 is red macroalgae (Rodophyta) globally recognized as an invasive species. It found from intertidal shallow subtidal areas, on rock or epiphytic, forming natural vegetation belts exposed coasts. This ...

The snake gourd genus, Trichosanthes, is the largest genus in the Cucurbitaceae family, with over 90 species. Recent molecular phylogenetic data have indicated that the genus Gymnopetalum is to be merged with Trichosanthes to maintain monophyly. A revised infrageneric classification of Trichosanthes including Gymnopetalum is proposed with two subgenera, (I) subg. Scotanthus comb. nov. and (II) ...

The fruiting branches of Colutea cilicica Boiss. & Bal., along with leaves and fruits, have been used to heal inflammatory wounds at traditional medicine in various parts of Turkey. In order to evaluate the wound healing activity of the plant, aqueous extracts were prepared from the flowering parts and fruits of Colutea cilicica Boiss. & Bal. by using 40°C distilled water. Incision wound healin...

Brown, A. W. A. (1951). Insect Control by Chemicals, New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc. Bushland, R. C. (1940). J. econ. Ent. 83, 666. Bushland, R. C. & King, W. V. (1943). Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent. E-585, Jan. 1943, 15 pp. Casanges, A. H., McGovern, E. R. & Chiles, J. V. (1949). Mosquito News, 9, 112. Casida, J. E., Allen, T. C. & Stahmann, M. A. (1953). Nature, Lond., 172, 243. Casida, J. E., Chap...

The aim of this study is to describe Fannia puxcu sp. n., a new species of the genus Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae) that was collected in the Villavicencio Provincial Reserve in Mendoza, Argentina, and to present an updated key to the 27 species of Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae) of Southern South America. The male of F. puxcu sp. n. is described, and illustrations ...

Five new supraspecific taxa of Scapania are proposed, Scapania subg. Gracilidae, Scapania subg. Pseudomacrodiplophyllum, Scapania sect. Americanae, Scapania sect. Hyperboreae, and Scapania sect. Simmonsia.