Methacrylonitrile (MeAN) is used in the preparation of plastics, elastomers, homoand copolymers and coatings (Windholz, 1983; Sax and Lewis, 1987) and as a chemical intermediate in the preparation of numerous organic chemicals (Windholz, 1983). MeAN is also used as a replacement for acrylonitrile in the manufacture of carbonated beverage containers (Cosidine, 1974) and is identified as a compon...

The possibility that ingredients added to tobacco contribute to the addictiveness of cigarette smoking was evaluated by comparing cessation rates of smokers of traditional blended cigarettes to those of smokers of flue-cured cigarettes. Such a comparison is a valid means of assessing cigarette ingredients as traditional blended cigarettes contain ingredients (>20), whereas flue-cured cigarettes...

The health consequences of tobacco use are well known, but less recognized are the significant environmental impacts of tobacco production and use. The environmental impacts of tobacco include tobacco growing and curing; product manufacturing and distribution; product consumption; and post-consumption waste. The World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control addresses envir...

AIM To compare the burning characteristics of the tobacco and paper of manufactured and hand rolled cigarettes, and set a fire safety standard of manufacture to largely reduce the fire risk from discarded cigarettes. METHODS (1) Cigarette extinction test of ignition strength: 40 cigarettes per brand, lit and placed on 15 layers of filter paper, in accordance with ASTM test standard E2187-02. ...

background: traditional cigarette advertising has existed in the us for over 200 years. studies suggest that advertising has an impact on the initiation and maintenance of smoking behaviors. in recent years, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) emerged on the market as an alternative to the traditional tobacco cigarette. the purpose of this study was to describe advertisements in popular us mag...

To the Editors: Gritz et al. published an editorial calling for increased research efforts to reduce the risk of lung cancer in smokers (1). They emphasized research on smoking behavior and preventing the development of cancer but do not mention safer cigarettes, which offer the most immediate promise for reducing the risk of lung cancer. Most smoking-related lung cancer is almost certainly ind...

Over 160 years later, the paper in this issue of RESPIRATORY CARE by Mak et al2 adds to the evidence that exposure to tobacco smoke leads to adverse health effects. This study of a large sample of primarily teenagers in Hong Kong examined several variables, looking for additive associations of asthma symptoms. The authors found an increased probability of asthma symptoms occurring when exposed ...

introduction: cigarette smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and it has been identified as the single most important cause of cardiovascular accident related deaths in most countries. methods: 1573 people who lives in 17th zone of tehran (population research center of tehran university of medical sciences) were investigated by a cross- sectional study. a group of...

Free radicals from cigarette smoke are a dangerous part that must be found to counteract. This research aims make composite biofilter made Azadirachta Indica ward off/capture free smoke. is with leaf powder added polyethylene glycol as the matrix. The was then seen for its physical characteristics; density and porosity were tested using SEM. Furthermore, membrane used filter Cigarette passes th...